Neural correlates of negative emotion processing in bipolar disorder

• Published in: Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry 2015-07, Vol.60, p.1-10
• Main Authors: Sepede, Gianna, De Berardis, Domenico, Campanella, Daniela, Perrucci, Mauro Gianni, Ferretti, Antonio, Salerno, Rosa Maria, Di Giannantonio, Massimo, Romani, Gian Luca, Gambi, Francesco
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adolescent; Adult; Bipolar disorder; Bipolar Disorder - pathology; Bipolar Disorder - physiopathology; Brain Mapping; Cerebral Cortex - blood supply; Cerebral Cortex - pathology; Emotions - physiology; Euthymia; Family; Female; First-degree relatives; fMRI; Functional Laterality; Humans; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Middle Aged; Negative emotion processing; Oxygen - blood; Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; Trait marker; Young Adult
• ISSN: 0278-5846; 1878-4216
• DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2015.01.016

Bipolar disorder type I (BD-I) is characterized by a severe impairment in emotional processing during both acute and euthymic phases of the illness. The aim of the present study was to investigate negative emotion processing in both euthymic patients and non-affected first-degree relatives, looking for state and trait markers of BD-I. 22 healthy relatives of BD-I patients (mean age 31.5±7.3years; 15 females), 23 euthymic BD-I patients (mean age 35.2±7.9years; 14 females), and 24 matched controls (mean age 32.5±6.2years; 16 females) performed an IAPS-based emotional task during 1.5T fMRI. They were required to identify vegetable items (targets) inside neutral or negative pictures. Euthymic BD-I patients showed a significant reduced accuracy in target detection during both neutral and negative images presentation, whereas first-degree relatives performed similarly to normal comparisons. We found a reduced activation of Left precuneus during negative images condition in the patients only. By contrast, both patients and relatives hyperactivated the Left insula and hypoactivated the Right supramarginal gyrus with respect to controls. Moreover, relatives showed an increased activation of Right lingual gyrus and lower activation of pre-supplementary motor area and Right superior frontal gyrus. During a negative emotion task, euthymic BD-I patients and non-affected first-degree relatives shared an abnormal activation of a limbic area (Left insula) coupled with a reduced activation of a parietal region (Right supramarginal gyrus), thus suggesting a trait-like anomalous processing of affective contents. On the other hand, functional abnormalities found only in unaffected relatives and not in patients and controls may correspond to resilience factors. •Euthymic BD-I patients performed worse than controls during a negative emotion task•Healthy first-degree relatives of BD-I appeared behaviorally intact•Patients and relatives shared limbic and frontoparietal functional alterations•A disrupted processing of negative stimuli may be a trait marker of BD-I