Nitric-oxide-mediated cell death is triggered by chitosan in Fusarium eumartii spores

BACKGROUND The genus Fusarium comprises a heterogeneous group of fungi important for agriculture. Fusarium solani f. sp. eumartii (F. eumartii), historically considered to be a fungal pathogen of potato, has also been associated with tomato disease. Currently, chitosan and its derivatives have been...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Pest management science 2015-05, Vol.71 (5), p.668-674
Main Authors: Terrile, María Cecilia, Mansilla, Andrea Yamila, Albertengo, Liliana, Rodríguez, María Susana, Casalongué, Claudia Anahí
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Antimicrobial agents
Apoptosis
Cell Death - drug effects
chitosan
Chitosan - pharmacology
Crop diseases
Crop science
Fungi
fungicide
Fungicides, Industrial - pharmacology
Fusarium - cytology
Fusarium - drug effects
Fusarium - metabolism
Fusarium solani
Fusarium solani f. sp. eumartii
Lycopersicon esculentum
Lycopersicon esculentum - microbiology
nitric oxide
Nitric Oxide - metabolism
Plant Diseases - microbiology
Solanum tuberosum
Spores, Fungal - cytology
Spores, Fungal - drug effects
Spores, Fungal - metabolism
Sustainable development
Water treatment
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Summary:BACKGROUND The genus Fusarium comprises a heterogeneous group of fungi important for agriculture. Fusarium solani f. sp. eumartii (F. eumartii), historically considered to be a fungal pathogen of potato, has also been associated with tomato disease. Currently, chitosan and its derivatives have been receiving more attention as environmentally friendly antimicrobial compounds in sustainable practices. The aim of the present work was to characterize downstream events associated with the mode of action of chitosan, including nitrosative reactive species, in order to identify new biomarkers of its cytotoxic action. RESULTS Data indicated that chitosan‐mediated nitric oxide (NO) production might lead to conidial death, concomitant with the strong reduction in fungal pathogenicity in tomato plants. Following chitosan applications, a notably dose‐dependent reduction in conidial viability was demonstrated in F. eumartii. Thereafter, the infectivity of chitosan‐treated spores was tested by a bioassay using tomato seedlings. CONCLUSION All these data highlight NO valuable properties as a quantitative and qualitative biomarker of cytotoxic action of chitosan in conidial cells. In addition, these findings place the chitosan assayed here as a fungicide with a high potential of application in sustainable horticultural practices. © 2014 Society of Chemical Industry
ISSN:1526-498X
1526-4998
DOI:10.1002/ps.3814