In Vitro Hydrodynamic, Transient, and Overtime Performance of a Miniaturized Valve for Hydrocephalus

Reliable cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) draining methods are needed to treat hydrocephalus, a chronic debilitating brain disorder. Current shunt implant treatments are characterized by high failure rates that are to some extent attributed to their length and multiple components. The designed valve, made...

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Published in:Annals of biomedical engineering 2015-03, Vol.43 (3), p.603-615
Main Authors: Schwerdt, Helen N., Amjad, Usamma, Appel, Jennie, Elhadi, Ali M., Lei, Ting, Preul, Mark C., Bristol, Ruth E., Chae, Junseok
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Biochemistry
Biological and Medical Physics
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Biomedical Engineering and Bioengineering
Biomedicine
Biophysics
Cerebrospinal Fluid
Classical Mechanics
Drainage
Equipment Design
Fluid dynamics
Fluid flow
Humans
Hydrocephalus - therapy
Hydrodynamics
Hydrogels
Hydrogels - therapeutic use
In vitro testing
Intracranial Pressure
Miniaturization - instrumentation
Surgical implants
Valves
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cited_by cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c551t-6c29c593fcaf385afe4b99f648da0404568fd5dd74b6cf2f4c4b2ee954f308183
cites cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c551t-6c29c593fcaf385afe4b99f648da0404568fd5dd74b6cf2f4c4b2ee954f308183
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container_issue 3
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container_title Annals of biomedical engineering
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creator Schwerdt, Helen N.
Amjad, Usamma
Appel, Jennie
Elhadi, Ali M.
Lei, Ting
Preul, Mark C.
Bristol, Ruth E.
Chae, Junseok
description Reliable cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) draining methods are needed to treat hydrocephalus, a chronic debilitating brain disorder. Current shunt implant treatments are characterized by high failure rates that are to some extent attributed to their length and multiple components. The designed valve, made of hydrogel, steers away from such protracted schemes and intends to provide a direct substitute for faulty arachnoid granulations, the brain’s natural CSF draining valves, and restore CSF draining operations within the cranium. The valve relies on innate hydrogel swelling phenomena to strengthen reverse flow sealing at idle and negative pressures thereby alleviating common valve failure mechanisms. In vitro measurements display operation in range of natural CSF draining (cracking pressure, P T  ~ 1–110 mmH 2 O and outflow hydraulic resistance, R h  ~ 24–152 mmH 2 O/mL/min), with negligible reverse flow leakage (flow, Q O  > −10 µL/min). Hydrodynamic measurements and over-time tests under physically relevant conditions further demonstrate the valve’s operationally-reproducible properties and strengthen its validity for use as a chronic implant.
doi_str_mv 10.1007/s10439-015-1291-x
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Current shunt implant treatments are characterized by high failure rates that are to some extent attributed to their length and multiple components. The designed valve, made of hydrogel, steers away from such protracted schemes and intends to provide a direct substitute for faulty arachnoid granulations, the brain’s natural CSF draining valves, and restore CSF draining operations within the cranium. The valve relies on innate hydrogel swelling phenomena to strengthen reverse flow sealing at idle and negative pressures thereby alleviating common valve failure mechanisms. In vitro measurements display operation in range of natural CSF draining (cracking pressure, P T  ~ 1–110 mmH 2 O and outflow hydraulic resistance, R h  ~ 24–152 mmH 2 O/mL/min), with negligible reverse flow leakage (flow, Q O  &gt; −10 µL/min). 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subjects Biochemistry
Biological and Medical Physics
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Biomedical Engineering and Bioengineering
Biomedicine
Biophysics
Cerebrospinal Fluid
Classical Mechanics
Drainage
Equipment Design
Fluid dynamics
Fluid flow
Humans
Hydrocephalus - therapy
Hydrodynamics
Hydrogels
Hydrogels - therapeutic use
In vitro testing
Intracranial Pressure
Miniaturization - instrumentation
Surgical implants
Valves
title In Vitro Hydrodynamic, Transient, and Overtime Performance of a Miniaturized Valve for Hydrocephalus
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