Glowing Graphene Quantum Dots and Carbon Dots: Properties, Syntheses, and Biological Applications

The emerging graphene quantum dots (GQDs) and carbon dots (C‐dots) have gained tremendous attention for their enormous potentials for biomedical applications, owing to their unique and tunable photoluminescence properties, exceptional physicochemical properties, high photostability, biocompatibility...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) Germany), 2015-04, Vol.11 (14), p.1620-1636
Main Authors: Zheng, Xin Ting, Ananthanarayanan, Arundithi, Luo, Kathy Qian, Chen, Peng
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Biocompatibility
bioimaging
Biological
biosensing
Biosensing Techniques
Carbon
Carbon - chemistry
carbon dots
Cell Line
Graphene
graphene quantum dots
Graphite - chemistry
Humans
Nanocrystals
Nanoparticles
Nanostructure
Nanotechnology
Photoluminescence
Quantum Dots
theranostics
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Summary:The emerging graphene quantum dots (GQDs) and carbon dots (C‐dots) have gained tremendous attention for their enormous potentials for biomedical applications, owing to their unique and tunable photoluminescence properties, exceptional physicochemical properties, high photostability, biocompatibility, and small size. This article aims to update the latest results in this rapidly evolving field and to provide critical insights to inspire more exciting developments. We comparatively review the properties and synthesis methods of these carbon nanodots and place emphasis on their biological (both fundamental and theranostic) applications. Glowing carbon nanocrystals (graphene quantum dots and carbon dots) are emerging zero‐dimensional materials exhibiting unique and tunable photoluminescence, exceptional physicochemical properties, high photostability, biocompatibility, and molecular size. They promise a wide range of novel biological applications including bioimaging, optical biosensing, drug delivery, and theranostics.
ISSN:1613-6810
1613-6829
DOI:10.1002/smll.201402648