Dietary walnut suppression of colorectal cancer in mice: Mediation by miRNA patterns and fatty acid incorporation

Colorectal cancer, unlike many other malignancies, may be preventable. Recent studies have demonstrated an inverse association between nut consumption and incidence of colon cancer; however, the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. An emerging concept suggests that microribonucleic acids...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:The Journal of nutritional biochemistry 2015-07, Vol.26 (7), p.776-783
Main Authors: Tsoukas, Michael A., Ko, Byung-Joon, Witte, Theodore R., Dincer, Fadime, Hardman, W. Elaine, Mantzoros, Christos S.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Angiogenesis
Animals
Anti-inflammation
Apoptosis
Carcinoma - metabolism
Carcinoma - pathology
Carcinoma - prevention & control
Colon - metabolism
Colon - pathology
Colon cancer
Colorectal Neoplasms - metabolism
Colorectal Neoplasms - pathology
Colorectal Neoplasms - prevention & control
Fatty acids
Fatty Acids, Omega-3 - metabolism
Female
Functional Food - analysis
Gene Expression Profiling
Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
HT29 Cells
Humans
Intestinal Mucosa - metabolism
Intestinal Mucosa - pathology
Intra-Abdominal Fat - metabolism
Intra-Abdominal Fat - pathology
Juglans - chemistry
Mice, Nude
MicroRNAs - metabolism
miRNA
Nuts - chemistry
Random Allocation
Tumor Burden
Walnut
Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
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Summary:Colorectal cancer, unlike many other malignancies, may be preventable. Recent studies have demonstrated an inverse association between nut consumption and incidence of colon cancer; however, the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. An emerging concept suggests that microribonucleic acids (miRNAs) may help explain the relationship between walnut consumption and decreased colorectal neoplasia risk. Seven days after HT-29 colon cancer cell injection, mice were randomized to either control or walnut diets for 25days of diet treatment. Thirty samples of tumor and of omental adipose were analyzed to determine changes in lipid composition in each dietary group. In the tumors of the walnut-containing diet, we found significant increases in α-linolenic, eicosapentaenoic, docosahexaenoic and total omega-3 acids, and a decrease in arachidonic acid, as compared to the control diet. Final tumor size measured at sacrifice was negatively associated with percentage of total omega-3 fatty acid composition (r=−0.641, P=.001). MicroRNA expression analysis of colorectal tumor tissue revealed decreased expression of miRNAs 1903, 467c and 3068 (P
ISSN:0955-2863
1873-4847
DOI:10.1016/j.jnutbio.2015.02.009