Fate and interconversion of alpha-, beta-, gamma-, and delta-HCH on gram (Cicer arietinum Linn.) plants under subtropical field conditions at Ludhiana, India

Technical-grade hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH), an organochlorine insecticide, is a mixture of alpha -, beta -, gamma -, and delta -steroisomers. Both beta - and delta -isomers have been shown to be toxic to mammals. The fate of various HCH isomers on gram, a major pulse crop in India, was investigated...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology 1993-06, Vol.50 (6), p.798-801
Main Authors: Singh, P.P. (Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India), Battu, R.S, Singh, B, Kalra, R.L
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Agronomy. Soil science and plant productions
Animal, plant and microbial ecology
Applied ecology
Biological and medical sciences
CICER ARIETINUM
Ecotoxicology, biological effects of pollution
Effects of pollution and side effects of pesticides on plants and fungi
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
HCH
Hexachlorocyclohexane - analogs & derivatives
Hexachlorocyclohexane - analysis
Hexachlorocyclohexane - pharmacokinetics
IMPACT SUR L'ENVIRONNEMENT
IMPACTO AMBIENTAL
INDE
INDIA
INSECTICIDAS
INSECTICIDE
INSECTICIDES
ISOMERS
PERSISTENCE
Pesticide Residues - analysis
Plants, Edible - chemistry
Plants, Edible - metabolism
RESIDU
RESIDUES
RESIDUOS
SUBTROPICAL ZONES
ZONA SUBTROPICAL
ZONE SUBTROPICALE
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Summary:Technical-grade hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH), an organochlorine insecticide, is a mixture of alpha -, beta -, gamma -, and delta -steroisomers. Both beta - and delta -isomers have been shown to be toxic to mammals. The fate of various HCH isomers on gram, a major pulse crop in India, was investigated. Plants were treated with the isomers separately, and residues were residues were extracted from the leaves. About 99, 22, 97, and 83% of alpha -, beta -, gamma -, and delta - isomers had dissipated within 7 d of treatment. After 35 d, residues of alpha - and gamma - isomers were almost undetectable. Residues of beta - and delta -isomers, however, were still present in large amounts. The replacement of technical HCH with lindane, which is purified gamma -HCH, is recommended.
ISSN:0007-4861
1432-0800
DOI:10.1007/BF00209941