Toward “rocking-chair type” Mg–Li dual-salt batteries

High energy-density rechargeable batteries are strongly demanded from the viewpoint of energy and environmental concern. This work is devoted to fundamental electrochemistry on a novel concept of rechargeable batteries, "rocking-chair type" Mg-Li dual-salt batteries (DSBs), where both Mg a...

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Published in:Journal of materials chemistry. A, Materials for energy and sustainability Materials for energy and sustainability, 2015-01, Vol.3 (19), p.10188-10194
Main Authors: Ichitsubo, Tetsu, Okamoto, Shinya, Kawaguchi, Tomoya, Kumagai, Yu, Oba, Fumiyasu, Yagi, Shunsuke, Goto, Natsumi, Doi, Takayuki, Matsubara, Eiichiro
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Alloys
Cations
Density
Electric batteries
Insertion
Lithium
Magnesium
Rechargeable batteries
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Summary:High energy-density rechargeable batteries are strongly demanded from the viewpoint of energy and environmental concern. This work is devoted to fundamental electrochemistry on a novel concept of rechargeable batteries, "rocking-chair type" Mg-Li dual-salt batteries (DSBs), where both Mg and Li cations are carrier ions. In this system, dangerous dendritic growth is drastically suppressed by co-electrodeposition of Mg and Li, and Mg-Li alloys can be used as anode materials with high electrical capacities. As a DSB cathode material that can accommodate both Mg and Li cations, we use a spinel oxide MgCo sub(2)O sub(4), in which an eccentric insertion mechanism, the "intercalation & push-out" process, occurs. Mg insertion occurs at 2.9 V vs. Mg super(2+)/Mg and Li insertion occurs at 3.1 V vs. Li super(+)/Li, being consistent with ab initio calculations, and its capacity approximately amounts to 150-200 mA h g super(-1). In the combination of MgCo sub(2)O sub(4) and Mg sub(50)Li sub(50) alloys, the cell voltage during discharge is as high as about 2-3 V. The concept of rocking-chair type DSB systems provides a new strategy for future safe rechargeable batteries combining high energy/power densities.
ISSN:2050-7488
2050-7496
DOI:10.1039/c5ta01365h