Comparison of Forest Soil Microcosm and Acute Toxicity Studies for Determining Effects of Fenitrothion on Earthworms

The effects of the organophosphate pesticide fenitrothion on Eisenia fetida Savigny and Dendrobaena octaedra Savigny were studied using the OECD acute toxicity test and microcosms containing forest organic matter. In the acute toxicity study, both species were relatively susceptible to fenitrothion,...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Ecotoxicology and environmental safety 1995-03, Vol.30 (2), p.127-133
Main Authors: Addison, J.A., Holmes, S.B.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
BEHAVIOUR
BIOLOGICAL DIFFERENCES
BURROWING
COMPORTAMIENTO
COMPORTEMENT
CRECIMIENTO
CROISSANCE
DENDROBAENA
dendrobaena octaedra
DIFERENCIAS BIOLOGICAS
DIFFERENCE BIOLOGIQUE
Eisenia fetida
EISENIA FOETIDA
FENITOTRION
FENITROTHION
Fenitrothion - toxicity
FOREST LITTER
GROWTH
HOJARASCA FORESTAL
Lethal Dose 50
LITIERE FORESTIERE
LUMBRICIDAE
MATERIA ORGANICA
MATIERE ORGANIQUE
MORTALIDAD
MORTALITE
MORTALITY
Oligochaeta - drug effects
Oligochaeta - growth & development
Oligochaeta - physiology
ORGANIC MATTER
REPRODUCCION
REPRODUCTION
Reproduction - drug effects
SOIL
SOL
SPECIES DIFFERENCES
SUBLETHAL EFFECTS
SUELO
SUSCEPTIBILITY
TOXICIDAD
TOXICITE
TOXICITY
Toxicity Tests
Trees
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Summary:The effects of the organophosphate pesticide fenitrothion on Eisenia fetida Savigny and Dendrobaena octaedra Savigny were studied using the OECD acute toxicity test and microcosms containing forest organic matter. In the acute toxicity study, both species were relatively susceptible to fenitrothion, although D. octaedra (LC 50 = 393.9 ml/cm 2) was approximately eight times more sensitive than E. fetida (LC 50 = 54.1 ml/cm 2). E. fetida was unable to utilize oak/maple litter for growth, and attempts to use this species in microcosms were abandoned. In microcosm studies, reproduction of D. octaedra was affected at the expected environmental concentration (EEC), whereas growth and maturation rates did not decrease until 100× the EEC was used. Even at 100× EEC, a significant effect on survival of D. octaedra in microcosms was not demonstrated. The use of microcosm studies to provide insight into possible ecological effects of pesticides is discussed.
ISSN:0147-6513
1090-2414
DOI:10.1006/eesa.1995.1016