Neuroenteric Staining as a Tool in the Evaluation of Pediatric Motility Disorders

The diagnosis of enteric neuromuscular disorders has come a long way since the first description of an enteric neuropathic disorder by the Danish physician Harald Hirschsprung in 1886. Advances in specialized enteric histopathological staining techniques have made it possible to identify subtle neur...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Current gastroenterology reports 2015-08, Vol.17 (8), p.30-30, Article 30
Main Authors: Waseem, Shamaila H., Idrees, Muhammed T., Croffie, Joseph M.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Dysphagia
Enteric Nervous System - pathology
Esophageal Achalasia - diagnosis
Esophagus
Gastroenterology
Gastrointestinal Diseases - diagnosis
Gastrointestinal Diseases - physiopathology
Gastrointestinal Motility - physiology
Gastrointestinal Tract - innervation
Gastroparesis - diagnosis
Hirschsprung Disease - diagnosis
Humans
Hyperplasia
Inflammation
Intestinal Pseudo-Obstruction - diagnosis
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Motility
Nervous system
Pacemakers
Pediatric Gastroenterology (S Orenstein
Pediatrics
Section Editor
Smooth muscle
Staining and Labeling - methods
Stains & staining
Topical Collection on Pediatric Gastroenterology
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Summary:The diagnosis of enteric neuromuscular disorders has come a long way since the first description of an enteric neuropathic disorder by the Danish physician Harald Hirschsprung in 1886. Advances in specialized enteric histopathological staining techniques have made it possible to identify subtle neuropathies and myopathies that cause intestinal motility disorders, from the common and now better understood and relatively easily diagnosed Hirschsprung’s disease to the less common and more severe and not well-characterized chronic idiopathic intestinal pseudoobstruction, which continues to present a diagnostic challenge to the gastroenterologist and histopathologist alike. This article will discuss the common gastrointestinal motility disorders and some of the specialized histological stains, such as the relatively common enzyme stain, acetylcholinesterase, used to diagnose Hirschsprung’s disease; advanced tinctorial stains, such as Masson trichrome, which may aid in diagnosis of enteric myopathies causing pseudoobstruction; and immunohistochemical stains such as C-Kit or PG 9.5, which may aid in the diagnosis of enteric neuropathies causing pseudoobstruction.
ISSN:1522-8037
1534-312X
DOI:10.1007/s11894-015-0456-y