Location is everything: let-7b microRNA and TLR7 signaling results in a painful TRP

Extracellular let-7b, a microRNA found in the central nervous system, affects neurons through its interaction with Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7), but with divergent outcomes in different neurons. Lehmann et al. found that let-7b stimulation of cortical and hippocampal neurons led to neuronal apoptosis...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Science signaling 2014-05, Vol.7 (327), p.pe14-pe14
Main Authors: Winkler, Clayton W, Taylor, Katherine G, Peterson, Karin E
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Apoptosis - physiology
Calcium Channels - metabolism
Central Nervous System - physiology
Humans
MicroRNAs - metabolism
Nerve Tissue Proteins - metabolism
Neurons - metabolism
Signal Transduction - physiology
Toll-Like Receptor 7 - metabolism
Transient Receptor Potential Channels - metabolism
TRPA1 Cation Channel
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Summary:Extracellular let-7b, a microRNA found in the central nervous system, affects neurons through its interaction with Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7), but with divergent outcomes in different neurons. Lehmann et al. found that let-7b stimulation of cortical and hippocampal neurons led to neuronal apoptosis, whereas Park et al. report that let-7b activation of TLR7 stimulated the cation channel transient receptor potential A1 (TRPA1) on dorsal root ganglia sensory neurons and induced pain responses. The primary difference that may influence these distinct responses to let-7b is the localization of TLR7 to the endosome in the cortical and hippocampal neurons or the plasma membrane in the sensory neurons. These studies suggest that different types of neurons traffic TLR7 to distinct membrane locations, affecting the functional response of neurons to let-7b stimulation.
ISSN:1945-0877
1937-9145
DOI:10.1126/scisignal.2005407