Theory of planned behavior and adherence in chronic illness: a meta-analysis

Social-cognitive models such as the theory of planned behavior have demonstrated efficacy in predicting behavior, but few studies have examined the theory as a predictor of treatment adherence in chronic illness. We tested the efficacy of the theory for predicting adherence to treatment in chronic i...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of behavioral medicine 2015-08, Vol.38 (4), p.673-688
Main Authors: Rich, Antonia, Brandes, Kim, Mullan, Barbara, Hagger, Martin S.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Attitude
Behavioral assessment
Chronic Disease - psychology
Family Medicine
General Practice
Health Psychology
Humans
Intention
Medical care
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Netherlands
Patient Compliance - psychology
Psychological Theory
Systematic review
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Summary:Social-cognitive models such as the theory of planned behavior have demonstrated efficacy in predicting behavior, but few studies have examined the theory as a predictor of treatment adherence in chronic illness. We tested the efficacy of the theory for predicting adherence to treatment in chronic illness across multiple studies. A database search identified 27 studies, meeting inclusion criteria. Averaged intercorrelations among theory variables were computed corrected for sampling error using random-effects meta-analysis. Path-analysis using the meta-analytically derived correlations was used to test theory hypotheses and effects of moderators. The theory explained 33 and 9 % of the variance in intention and adherence behavior respectively. Theoretically consistent patterns of effects among the attitude, subjective norm, perceived behavioral control, intention and behavior constructs were found with small-to-medium effect sizes. Effect sizes were invariant across behavior and measurement type. Although results support theory predictions, effect sizes were small, particularly for the intention-behavior relationship.
ISSN:0160-7715
1573-3521
DOI:10.1007/s10865-015-9644-3