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An evaluation of southeastern Ontario recreational water quality

Fecal contamination in recreational waters causes adverse health outcomes in humans; yet, surprisingly, a paucity of literature addresses recreational water quality in North America. The authors addressed this gap by evaluating E. coli contamination of southeastern Ontario, Canada, recreational beac...

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Published in:	Journal of environmental health 2015-06, Vol.77 (10), p.26-33
Main Authors:	Bennell, Maria C, Joyce, Alan, Gardner, Edward, Majury, Anna
Format:	Article
Language:	English
Subjects:	Bathing Beaches Beaches Colony Count, Microbial Contamination E coli Environmental protection Escherichia coli Escherichia coli - isolation & purification Fecal coliforms Feces Feces - microbiology Health Health aspects Lakes - microbiology Membrane filtration Microbial contamination Ontario Recreation Recreational waters Sampling Seasons Statistical methods Studies Water Water analysis Water pollution Water Quality Water sampling
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creator	Bennell, Maria C Joyce, Alan Gardner, Edward Majury, Anna
description	Fecal contamination in recreational waters causes adverse health outcomes in humans; yet, surprisingly, a paucity of literature addresses recreational water quality in North America. The authors addressed this gap by evaluating E. coli contamination of southeastern Ontario, Canada, recreational beach waters between the years 2008-2011. They tested water samples for microbial contamination by the membrane filtration method. They used Friedman's and repeated measures analyses of variance and descriptive statistics to assess annual and monthly E. coli levels as well as noncompliance to the Ontario bathing beach standard. Seven waters showed high noncompliance to the Ontario standard, which could negatively affect the health of local recreational beach users. The authors' study provides much needed baseline information on beach water quality. They call for greater recreational water sampling and reporting standardization across North American jurisdictions.
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subjects	Bathing Beaches Beaches Colony Count, Microbial Contamination E coli Environmental protection Escherichia coli Escherichia coli - isolation & purification Fecal coliforms Feces Feces - microbiology Health Health aspects Lakes - microbiology Membrane filtration Microbial contamination Ontario Recreation Recreational waters Sampling Seasons Statistical methods Studies Water Water analysis Water pollution Water Quality Water sampling
title	An evaluation of southeastern Ontario recreational water quality
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