Effect of Pt and Gd on coke formation and regeneration during JP-8 cracking over ZSM-5 catalysts

[Display omitted] •Addition of Gd to ZSM-5 boosted formation of hydrogen rich coke.•Oxidation of coke was catalyzed by the presence of Pt on ZSM-5 catalysts.•The Pt–Gd/ZSM-5 catalyst enhanced recovery of acid sites and stability of ZSM-5.•The Pt–Gd/ZSM-5 catalyst showed the best regenerability for J...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Applied catalysis. B, Environmental Environmental, 2015-06, Vol.168-169, p.212-219
Main Authors: Kim, Sungtak, Sasmaz, Erdem, Lauterbach, Jochen
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Catalysis
Catalysts
Coke
Cracking
Formations
Fracture mechanics
JP-8
Lewis acid
LPG
Oxidation
Platinum
Regeneration
ZSM-5
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Summary:[Display omitted] •Addition of Gd to ZSM-5 boosted formation of hydrogen rich coke.•Oxidation of coke was catalyzed by the presence of Pt on ZSM-5 catalysts.•The Pt–Gd/ZSM-5 catalyst enhanced recovery of acid sites and stability of ZSM-5.•The Pt–Gd/ZSM-5 catalyst showed the best regenerability for JP-8 cracking into LPG. Pt and Gd loaded ZSM-5 catalysts were synthesized by ion exchange method to investigate the effect of metal promoters on catalyst activity, coking and regeneration during military aviation fuel (JP-8) cracking into petroleum gas (PG) at 723K. Multiple cracking and regeneration cycles were performed over the ZSM-5 based catalysts and their crystalline structure, oxidation profile, coke band and acidity were characterized. It was revealed that addition of Gd metal to the ZSM-5 catalyst prevented formation of complex aromatic coke and increased the number of Lewis acid sites, while Pt promoted ZSM-5 catalyst showed a decrease in the coke oxidation temperature. The effect of Pt and Gd promoters enhanced the coke burn-off ability, formed hydrogen rich carbon species and reduced oxidation temperature of coke substantially. Furthermore, agglomeration of Pt particles was partially impeded by coexisting Gd metal on the regenerated ZSM-5 catalyst. Synergetic effects of Pt and Gd promoters stabilized the PG yield and product distribution over the Pt–Gd/ZSM-5 catalyst during the cracking and regeneration cycles.
ISSN:0926-3373
1873-3883
DOI:10.1016/j.apcatb.2014.12.027