Carbon-Based Yolk-Shell Materials for Fuel Cell Applications

The synthesis of yolk–shell catalysts, consisting of platinum or gold–platinum cores and graphitic carbon shells, and their electrocatalytic stabilities are described. Different encapsulation pathways for the metal nanoparticles are explored and optimized. Electrochemical studies of the optimized Au...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Advanced functional materials 2014-01, Vol.24 (2), p.220-232
Main Authors: Galeano, Carolina, Baldizzone, Claudio, Bongard, Hans, Spliethoff, Bernd, Weidenthaler, Claudia, Meier, Josef C., Mayrhofer, Karl J. J., Schüth, Ferdi
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
carbon
Catalysis
Catalysts
electrocatalysis
Encapsulation
Fuel cells
gold
Noble metals
Platinum
Shells
Stability
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Summary:The synthesis of yolk–shell catalysts, consisting of platinum or gold–platinum cores and graphitic carbon shells, and their electrocatalytic stabilities are described. Different encapsulation pathways for the metal nanoparticles are explored and optimized. Electrochemical studies of the optimized AuPt, @C catalyst revealed a high stability of the encapsulated metal particles. However, in order to reach full activity, several thousand potential cycles are required. After the electrochemical surface area is fully developed, the catalysts show exceptionally high stability, with almost no degradation over approximately 30 000 potential cycles between 0.4 and 1.4 VRHE. Encapsulation of noble metals in graphitic hollow shells by hard templating is explored as a means for stabilizing fuel cell catalysts. Small platinum particles can be encapsulated, but the achievable loading is too small. Encapsulation of Au–Pt yolk–shell particles allows higher loading, and with such cores, stable catalysts could be produced.
ISSN:1616-301X
1616-3028
DOI:10.1002/adfm.201302239