Ovarian and cervical cancer patient derived xenografts: The past, present, and future

Abstract Preclinical research in gynecologic malignancies has largely relied upon cloned cancer-derived cell lines and tumor xenografts derived from these cell lines. Unfortunately, the use of cell lines for translational research has disadvantages because genetic and phenotypic alterations from ser...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Gynecologic oncology 2015-08, Vol.138 (2), p.486-491
Main Authors: Boone, Jonathan D, Dobbin, Zachary C, Straughn, J. Michael, Buchsbaum, Donald J
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Female
Hematology, Oncology and Palliative Medicine
Heterografts - pathology
Humans
Neoplasm Transplantation - methods
Neoplasm Transplantation - trends
Obstetrics and Gynecology
Ovarian Neoplasms - pathology
PDX models
Personalized cancer treatment
Transplantation, Heterologous - methods
Transplantation, Heterologous - trends
Tumorigenesis
Uterine Cervical Neoplasms - pathology
Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
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Summary:Abstract Preclinical research in gynecologic malignancies has largely relied upon cloned cancer-derived cell lines and tumor xenografts derived from these cell lines. Unfortunately, the use of cell lines for translational research has disadvantages because genetic and phenotypic alterations from serial passaging have resulted in expression profiles that are different from the original patient tumors. The patient-derived xenograft (PDX) model derived from human tumor not previously cultured has shown better representation of the heterogeneity of gynecologic malignancies and the human tumor microenvironment with preservation of cytogenetics, cellular complexity, and vascular and stromal tumor architecture. Studies have shown promise with these models to analyze tumor development and adaptation, test drug efficacy, and predict clinical outcomes. Their ultimate value may be seen with preclinical drug screening including novel targeted therapies, biomarker identification, and the development of individualized treatment plans. This article reviews PDX model development, current studies testing chemotherapeutics and targeted therapies, and limitations of the PDX model in gynecologic malignancies.
ISSN:0090-8258
1095-6859
DOI:10.1016/j.ygyno.2015.05.022