Strategies for the chemical and biological functionalization of scaffolds for cardiac tissue engineering: a review

The development of biomaterials for cardiac tissue engineering (CTE) is challenging, primarily owing to the requirement of achieving a surface with favourable characteristics that enhances cell attachment and maturation. The biomaterial surface plays a crucial role as it forms the interface between...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of the Royal Society interface 2015-07, Vol.12 (108), p.20150254-20150254
Main Authors: Tallawi, Marwa, Rosellini, Elisabetta, Barbani, Niccoletta, Cascone, Maria Grazia, Rai, Ranjana, Saint-Pierre, Guillaume, Boccaccini, Aldo R.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Biocompatible Materials - chemistry
Biofunctionalization
Biological Modification
Biomimetic Scaffolds
Cardiac Tissue Engineering
Cell Adhesion
Chemical Modification
Humans
Myocardium
Review
Review Articles
Tissue Engineering - methods
Tissue Scaffolds - chemistry
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Summary:The development of biomaterials for cardiac tissue engineering (CTE) is challenging, primarily owing to the requirement of achieving a surface with favourable characteristics that enhances cell attachment and maturation. The biomaterial surface plays a crucial role as it forms the interface between the scaffold (or cardiac patch) and the cells. In the field of CTE, synthetic polymers (polyglycerol sebacate, polyethylene glycol, polyglycolic acid, poly-l-lactide, polyvinyl alcohol, polycaprolactone, polyurethanes and poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)) have been proven to exhibit suitable biodegradable and mechanical properties. Despite the fact that they show the required biocompatible behaviour, most synthetic polymers exhibit poor cell attachment capability. These synthetic polymers are mostly hydrophobic and lack cell recognition sites, limiting their application. Therefore, biofunctionalization of these biomaterials to enhance cell attachment and cell material interaction is being widely investigated. There are numerous approaches for functionalizing a material, which can be classified as mechanical, physical, chemical and biological. In this review, recent studies reported in the literature to functionalize scaffolds in the context of CTE, are discussed. Surface, morphological, chemical and biological modifications are introduced and the results of novel promising strategies and techniques are discussed.
ISSN:1742-5689
1742-5662
DOI:10.1098/rsif.2015.0254