Perioperative risk factors for acute kidney injury after liver resection surgery: an historical cohort study

• Published in: Canadian journal of anesthesia 2015-07, Vol.62 (7), p.753-761
• Main Authors: Tomozawa, Arisa, Ishikawa, Seiji, Shiota, Nobuhiro, Cholvisudhi, Phantila, Makita, Koshi
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Acute Kidney Injury - epidemiology; Acute Kidney Injury - etiology; Aged; Anesthesiology; Blood; Cardiology; Cohort analysis; Cohort Studies; Critical Care Medicine; Erythrocyte Transfusion - statistics & numerical data; Female; Hepatectomy - adverse effects; Hepatectomy - methods; Hospital Mortality; Hospitals; Humans; Hypertension; Incidence; Intensive; Kidneys; Length of Stay; Liver; Logistic Models; Male; Medical personnel; Medicine; Medicine & Public Health; Middle Aged; Pain Medicine; Patients; Pediatrics; Pneumology/Respiratory System; Postoperative Complications - epidemiology; Postoperative Complications - etiology; Renal Replacement Therapy - statistics & numerical data; Reports of Original Investigations; Respiration, Artificial - statistics & numerical data; Retrospective Studies; Risk Factors; Surgery; Ventilation
• ISSN: 0832-610X; 1496-8975
• DOI: 10.1007/s12630-015-0397-9

Purpose This study aimed to identify the incidence and risk factors for acute kidney injury (AKI) after liver resection surgery and to clarify the relationship between postoperative AKI and outcome. Methods We conducted a historical cohort study of patients who underwent liver resection surgery with sevoflurane anesthesia from January 2004 to October 2011. Acute kidney injury was diagnosed based on the Acute Kidney Injury Network classification within 72 hr after the surgery. Patient data, surgical and anesthetic data, and laboratory data were extracted manually from the patients’ electronic charts. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to identify perioperative risk factors for postoperative AKI. Results Acute kidney injury was diagnosed in 78 of 642 patients (12.1%; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 9.7 to 14.9). Multivariable analysis showed an independent association between postoperative AKI and preoperative estimated glomerular filtration rate (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 0.74; 95% CI: 0.64 to 0.85), preoperative hypertension (aOR 2.10; 95% CI: 1.11 to 3.97), and intraoperative red blood cell transfusion (aOR 1.04; 95% CI: 1.01 to 1.07). Development of AKI within 72 hr after liver resection surgery was associated with increased hospital mortality, prolonged length of stay, and increased rates of mechanical ventilation, reintubation, and renal replacement therapy. Conclusion Perioperative risk factors for AKI after liver resection surgery are similar to those established for other surgical procedures. Further studies are needed to establish causality and to determine whether interventions on modifiable risk factors can reduce the incidence of postoperative AKI and improve patient outcome. This study was registered at the University Hospital Medical Information Network (UMIN) Center (UMIN 000008089).