EMMPRIN, an upstream regulator of MMPs, in CNS biology

Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are engaged in pathologies associated with infections, tumors, autoimmune disorders and neurological dysfunctions. With the identification of an upstream regulator of MMPs, EMMPRIN (Extracellular matrix metalloproteinase inducer, CD147), it is relevant to address if...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Matrix biology 2015-05, Vol.44-46, p.138-146
Main Authors: Kaushik, Deepak Kumar, Hahn, Jennifer Nancy, Yong, V. Wee
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Basigin - drug effects
Basigin - metabolism
CD147
Cell Adhesion Molecules - metabolism
Central Nervous System - metabolism
Central Nervous System - pathology
Extracellular matrix
Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic
Homeostasis
Humans
Inflammation
Matrix Metalloproteinases - metabolism
MMP inducer
Molecular Targeted Therapy
Monocarboxylic Acid Transporters - metabolism
Multiple sclerosis
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Summary:Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are engaged in pathologies associated with infections, tumors, autoimmune disorders and neurological dysfunctions. With the identification of an upstream regulator of MMPs, EMMPRIN (Extracellular matrix metalloproteinase inducer, CD147), it is relevant to address if EMMPRIN plays a role in the pathology of central nervous system (CNS) diseases. This would enable the possibility of a more upstream and effective therapeutic target. Indeed, conditions including gliomas, Alzheimer's disease (AD), multiple sclerosis (MS), and other insults such as hypoxia/ischemia show elevated levels of EMMPRIN which correlate with MMP production. In contrast, given EMMPRIN's role in CNS homeostasis with respect to regulation of monocarboxylate transporters (MCTs) and interactions with adhesion molecules including integrins, we need to consider that EMMPRIN may also serve important regulatory or protective functions. This review summarizes the current understanding of EMMPRIN's involvement in CNS homeostasis, its possible roles in escalating or reducing neural injury, and the mechanisms of EMMPRIN including and apart from MMP induction. •EMMPRIN is upregulated in diseases of the nervous system.•The elevated EMMPRIN helps modulate MMP expression within the nervous system.•EMMPRIN likely has multiple roles with the brain, including in protective functions.
ISSN:0945-053X
1569-1802
DOI:10.1016/j.matbio.2015.01.018