CpG Motifs Present in Bacterial DNA Rapidly Induce Lymphocytes to Secrete Interleukin 6, Interleukin 12, and Interferon γ

Bacterial infection stimulates the host to mount a rapid inflammatory response. A 6-base DNA motif consisting of an unmethylated CpG dinucleotide flanked by two 5′ purines and two 3′ pyrimidines was shown to contribute to this response by inducing polyclonal B-cell activation. This stimulatory motif...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - PNAS 1996-04, Vol.93 (7), p.2879-2883
Main Authors: Klinman, Dennis M., Yi, Ae-Kyung, Beaucage, Serge L., Conover, Jacqueline, Krieg, Arthur M.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Antibodies
B lymphocytes
Bacteria
Bacterial DNA
Cytokines
Deoxyribonucleic acid
DNA
Escherichia coli
Immunity (Disease)
Infections
Interleukins
Natural killer cells
Purines
Spleen cells
T lymphocytes
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Summary:Bacterial infection stimulates the host to mount a rapid inflammatory response. A 6-base DNA motif consisting of an unmethylated CpG dinucleotide flanked by two 5′ purines and two 3′ pyrimidines was shown to contribute to this response by inducing polyclonal B-cell activation. This stimulatory motif is 20 times more common in the DNA of bacteria than higher vertebrates. The current work shows that the same motif induces the rapid and coordinated secretion of interleukin (IL) 6, IL-12, and interferon γ (but not IL-2, IL-3, IL-4, IL-5, or IL-10) in vivo and in vitro. Stimulatory CpG DNA motifs induced B, T, and natural killer cells to secrete cytokine more effectively than did lipopolysaccharide. Thus, immune recognition of bacterial DNA may contribute to the cytokine as well as the antibody production characteristic of an innate inflammatory response.
ISSN:0027-8424
1091-6490
DOI:10.1073/pnas.93.7.2879