Prefrontal gyrification in psychotic bipolar I disorder vs. schizophrenia

Abstract Bipolar disorder and schizophrenia share phenotypic and genotypic features, but might differ in aspects of abnormal neurodevelopmental trajectories. We studied gyrification, a marker of early developmental pathology, in high-resolution MRI scans of 34 patients with schizophrenia, 17 euthymi...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of affective disorders 2015-10, Vol.185, p.104-107
Main Authors: Nenadic, Igor, Maitra, Raka, Dietzek, Maren, Langbein, Kerstin, Smesny, Stefan, Sauer, Heinrich, Gaser, Christian
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adult
Bipolar disorder
Bipolar Disorder - pathology
Brain Mapping - methods
Female
Gyrification
Humans
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
Magnetic Resonance Imaging - methods
Male
Prefrontal cortex
Prefrontal Cortex - pathology
Psychiatry
Psychosis
Schizophrenia
Schizophrenia - pathology
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Summary:Abstract Bipolar disorder and schizophrenia share phenotypic and genotypic features, but might differ in aspects of abnormal neurodevelopmental trajectories. We studied gyrification, a marker of early developmental pathology, in high-resolution MRI scans of 34 patients with schizophrenia, 17 euthymic bipolar I disorder patients with previous psychotic symptoms, and 34 matched healthy controls in order to test the hypothesis of overlapping and diverging prefrontal gyrification abnormalities. We applied a novel, validated method for measuring local gyrification in each vertex point of the reconstructed cortical surface. Psychotic bipolar I patients had higher gyrification in dorsal anterior and infragenual cingulate cortex compared to either schizophrenia or healthy controls, while schizophrenia patients had higher gyrification than controls in anterior medial (BA 10) and orbitofrontal areas, altogether indicating disease-specific alterations in the prefrontal cortex. Our findings indicate gyrification changes in a specific subgroup of bipolar I disorder to affect an area relevant to emotion regulation, and distinct from changes seen in schizophrenia.
ISSN:0165-0327
1573-2517
DOI:10.1016/j.jad.2015.06.014