Cytotoxicity reactions in the solitary tunicate Styela plicata

Hemocytes from the tunicate, Styela plicata, undertake cytotoxic responses toward human KS62 tumor cells or rabbit red blood cells (RRBC). Reactions to both target cell types were found to require metabolic activity. However, it was not determined whether killing involves soluble factors or direct c...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Developmental and comparative immunology 1995-11, Vol.19 (6), p.463-471
Main Authors: Raftos, David A., Hutchinson, Aimee
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Ascidiacea
Cell Separation
Centrifugation, Density Gradient
Cytolysis
Cytotoxicity
Cytotoxicity Tests, Immunologic
Cytotoxicity, Immunologic - drug effects
Erythrocytes - immunology
Flow Cytometry
Hemocyte
Humans
Immunosuppression
Invertebrate immunity
K562 cells
Leukemia, Myeloid - immunology
Marine
Rabbits
Styela plicata
Tumor Cells, Cultured
Tunicate (Urochordata, Ascidiacea)
Urochordata - immunology
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Summary:Hemocytes from the tunicate, Styela plicata, undertake cytotoxic responses toward human KS62 tumor cells or rabbit red blood cells (RRBC). Reactions to both target cell types were found to require metabolic activity. However, it was not determined whether killing involves soluble factors or direct cell/cell contact. Differences in the response to varied effector: target ratios indicate that reactions against the K562 cells and RRBC are mediated by separate mechanisms. The existence of two discrete cytotoxic mechanisms was supported by experiments which demonstrated that pharmacological treatments have different effects on the cytotoxic destruction of K562 cells and RRBC. Moreover, cytotoxic reactions toward the different targets cells were shown to be mediated by different hemocyte sub-populations isolated from hemolymph by density gradient centrifugation.
ISSN:0145-305X
1879-0089
DOI:10.1016/0145-305X(95)00028-R