Photomutagenicity assays in bacteria: factors affecting assay design and assessment of photomutagenic potential of para-aminobenzoic acid

Photomutagenicity assays are required for regulatory submissions of some chemicals. As yet there are no wellvalidated protocols available for these assays. Critical factors which may contribute to the ability of a bacterial assay to detect photomutagens (e. g. dose of UV and test chemical, exposure...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Mutagenesis 1994-09, Vol.9 (5), p.459-465
Main Authors: Henderson, Leigh, Fedyk, Julia, Bourner, Clare, Windebank, Samantha, Fletcher, Samantha, Lovell, Will
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
4-Aminobenzoic Acid - pharmacology
Biological and medical sciences
Chemical mutagenesis
Chlorpromazine - pharmacology
Escherichia coli - drug effects
Escherichia coli - genetics
Escherichia coli - radiation effects
Medical sciences
Methoxsalen - pharmacology
Mutagenicity Tests - methods
Mutagens - pharmacology
Salmonella typhimurium - drug effects
Salmonella typhimurium - genetics
Salmonella typhimurium - radiation effects
Toxicology
Ultraviolet Rays
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Summary:Photomutagenicity assays are required for regulatory submissions of some chemicals. As yet there are no wellvalidated protocols available for these assays. Critical factors which may contribute to the ability of a bacterial assay to detect photomutagens (e. g. dose of UV and test chemical, exposure conditions, light source, bacterial strains) were investigated using two known photomutagens, chlorpromazine and 8-methoxypsoralen. Salmonella typhimurium strains TA98, TA102 and TA1537 and Escherichia coli strains WP2 and WP2(pKM101) were used and differences in the responsiveness of these strains were observed with these substances. Both chemicals were detected using either UV exposure in suspension or on the agar plates. On the basis of these observations and on other results reported in the literature, recommendations are made on protocol aspects for assessing photomutagenic potential in routine screening tests. Using these recommendations the sunscreen para-amino-benzoic acid was tested in S. typhimurium strains TA98, TA100, TA1535, TA1537 and E. coli strains WP2 and WP2(pKM101), using both plate irradiation and suspension exposure conditions. No evidence of mutagenic potential was detected.
ISSN:0267-8357
1464-3804
DOI:10.1093/mutage/9.5.459