Supercritical extraction of sunflower oil: A central composite design for extraction variables

• Published in: Food chemistry 2016-02, Vol.192, p.647-659
• Main Authors: Rai, Amit, Mohanty, Bikash, Bhargava, Ravindra
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Carbon Dioxide; Central composite design; Chromatography, Supercritical Fluid - methods; Ethanol; Fatty Acids - analysis; Particle Size; Plant Oils - isolation & purification; Pressure; Seed oil; Solvents; Sunflower; Sunflower Oil; Supercritical fluid extraction; Temperature
• ISSN: 0308-8146; 1873-7072
• DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.07.070

•SF oil is an important ingredient due to high beneficial & nutritional value.•Effects of input parameters are investigated by response surface methodology.•The cumulative extraction yield is represented by central composite design.•Predicted extraction yield fits within −3.62% to +3.59% of experimental value.•The extracted oil is rich in linoleic unsaturated fatty acids. Supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO2) extraction of sunflower seed for the production of vegetable oil is investigated and compared to conventional methods. The effects of extracting variables, namely pressure, temperatures, particle size, SC-CO2 flow rate and co-solvent, on SC-CO2 extraction are investigated. The maximum yield for sunflower oil is found to be about 54.37wt%, and is obtained when SC-CO2 extraction is carried out at 80°C, 400bar, 0.75mm particle and 10g/min solvent flow with 5% co-solvent. A central composite design is used to develop the model and also to predict the optimum conditions. At optimum conditions obtained based on desirability function, 80.54°C, 345bar, 1.00mm, 10.50g/min and 7.58% ethanol, SC-CO2 extraction has performed and found that extraction yield dropped by 2.88% from the predicted value. Fatty acid composition of SC-CO2 and hexane extracted oil shows negligible difference and found high source of linoleic acid.