Genesis of Azole Antifungal Resistance from Agriculture to Clinical Settings

Azole fungal resistance is becoming a major public health problem in medicine in recent years. However, it was known in agriculture since several decades; the extensive use of these compounds results in contamination of air, plants, and soil. The increasing frequency of life-threatening fungal infec...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 2015-09, Vol.63 (34), p.7463-7468
Main Authors: Azevedo, Maria-Manuel, Faria-Ramos, Isabel, Cruz, Luísa Costa, Pina-Vaz, Cidália, Gonçalves Rodrigues, Acácio
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Agriculture
air pollution
Antifungal Agents - pharmacology
azoles
Azoles - pharmacology
drug resistance
Drug Resistance, Fungal
drugs
fungi
Fungi - drug effects
Fungi - genetics
Fungi - physiology
Fungicides, Industrial - pharmacology
Humans
medicine
Mycoses - drug therapy
Mycoses - microbiology
pathogens
patients
public health
soil
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Summary:Azole fungal resistance is becoming a major public health problem in medicine in recent years. However, it was known in agriculture since several decades; the extensive use of these compounds results in contamination of air, plants, and soil. The increasing frequency of life-threatening fungal infections and the increase of prophylactical use of azoles in high-risk patients, taken together with the evolutionary biology evidence that drug selection pressure is an important factor for the emergence and spread of drug resistance, can result in a dramatic scenario. This study reviews the azole use in agricultural and medical contexts and discusses the hypothetical link between its extensive use and the emergence of azole resistance among human fungal pathogens.
ISSN:0021-8561
1520-5118
DOI:10.1021/acs.jafc.5b02728