Paroxysmal nonepileptic motor phenomena in newborn

Abstract Introduction Understanding the pathophysiological meaning of paroxysmal nonepileptic motor phenomena in newborns represents a challenge for the clinicians of the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit. Methods This paper provides an extensive review of the most frequent paroxysmal nonepileptic motor...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Brain & development (Tokyo. 1979) 2015-10, Vol.37 (9), p.833-839
Main Authors: Orivoli, Sonia, Facini, Carlotta, Pisani, Francesco
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Brain - physiopathology
Diagnosis, Differential
Dyskinesias - diagnosis
Dyskinesias - physiopathology
Dystonia - diagnosis
Dystonia - physiopathology
Electroencephalography
Fasciculation - diagnosis
Fasciculation - physiopathology
Hiccup - diagnosis
Hiccup - physiopathology
Humans
Hyperekplexia
Infant, Newborn
Motor automatisms
Movement Disorders - diagnosis
Movement Disorders - physiopathology
Myoclonus
Myoclonus - diagnosis
Myoclonus - physiopathology
Neonatal seizures
Neurology
Ocular Motility Disorders - diagnosis
Ocular Motility Disorders - physiopathology
Seizures - diagnosis
Seizures - physiopathology
Stiff-Person Syndrome - diagnosis
Stiff-Person Syndrome - physiopathology
Tremor
Tremor - diagnosis
Tremor - physiopathology
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Summary:Abstract Introduction Understanding the pathophysiological meaning of paroxysmal nonepileptic motor phenomena in newborns represents a challenge for the clinicians of the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit. Methods This paper provides an extensive review of the most frequent paroxysmal nonepileptic motor phenomena in newborns, in order to improve the knowledge about this sub-topic of the neonatal pathology and to guide the diagnostic-therapeutic approach. Results The correct identification of an epileptic form, among different motor phenomena, which may clinically mimic seizures, is essential for a correct management, avoiding overtreatment. However, it is likewise important to know and to be able to identify other rare neurological conditions, such as hyperekplexia, spinal muscular atrophy, acute bilirubin encephalopathy, that could make a first appearance with paroxysmal motor manifestations, needing specific diagnostic work-up and treatment. Conclusions These clinical events should not be underestimated because, even if many times they are physiological and age-related, sometimes they could be the visible signs of an underlying epileptic or nonepileptic neurological disease.
ISSN:0387-7604
1872-7131
DOI:10.1016/j.braindev.2015.01.002