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Synthesis of poly(vinyl chloride)-g-poly(3-sulfopropyl methacrylate) graft copolymers and their use in pressure retarded osmosis (PRO) membranes
[Display omitted] . •Amphiphilic graft copolymer of PVC-g-PSPMA was synthesized.•Self-assembled, microphase-separated structure was confirmed.•Water flux of membrane increased by introduction of PVC-g-PSPMA. Poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) was grafted with 3-sulfopropyl methacrylate potassium salt via at...
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Published in: | Chemical engineering journal (Lausanne, Switzerland : 1996) Switzerland : 1996), 2014-07, Vol.247, p.1-8 |
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container_title | Chemical engineering journal (Lausanne, Switzerland : 1996) |
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creator | Patel, Rajkumar Chi, Won Seok Ahn, Sung Hoon Park, Chul Ho Lee, Hyung-Keun Kim, Jong Hak |
description | [Display omitted] .
•Amphiphilic graft copolymer of PVC-g-PSPMA was synthesized.•Self-assembled, microphase-separated structure was confirmed.•Water flux of membrane increased by introduction of PVC-g-PSPMA.
Poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) was grafted with 3-sulfopropyl methacrylate potassium salt via atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) to produce a poly(vinyl chloride)-g-poly(3-sulfopropyl methacrylate) (PVC-g-PSPMA) amphiphilic graft copolymer, as characterized via Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR). Two separated domains and two glass transition temperatures (Tgs) were observed via transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), respectively, indicating a microphase-separated structure in the PVC-g-PSPMA. Small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) analysis revealed scattering peaks at q=0.54nm−1, by which the interdomain distance was determined to be 11.6nm, roughly consistent with the TEM results. The PVC-g-PSPMA graft copolymer was blended with pristine PVC and solution-casted to prepare organized PVC/PVC-g-PSPMA blend membranes, as characterized via scanning electron microscopy (SEM), contact angle measurement and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The water flux of the PVC/PVC-g-PSPMA blend membrane was approximately 2.20L/m2h (LMH) at 14.7bar, which was much higher than that of the pristine PVC membrane. This is due to the water channels that formed due to the presence of hydrophilic ionic groups, which allow for the passage of water while resisting the passage of salt. |
doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.cej.2014.02.106 |
format | article |
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•Amphiphilic graft copolymer of PVC-g-PSPMA was synthesized.•Self-assembled, microphase-separated structure was confirmed.•Water flux of membrane increased by introduction of PVC-g-PSPMA.
Poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) was grafted with 3-sulfopropyl methacrylate potassium salt via atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) to produce a poly(vinyl chloride)-g-poly(3-sulfopropyl methacrylate) (PVC-g-PSPMA) amphiphilic graft copolymer, as characterized via Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR). Two separated domains and two glass transition temperatures (Tgs) were observed via transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), respectively, indicating a microphase-separated structure in the PVC-g-PSPMA. Small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) analysis revealed scattering peaks at q=0.54nm−1, by which the interdomain distance was determined to be 11.6nm, roughly consistent with the TEM results. The PVC-g-PSPMA graft copolymer was blended with pristine PVC and solution-casted to prepare organized PVC/PVC-g-PSPMA blend membranes, as characterized via scanning electron microscopy (SEM), contact angle measurement and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The water flux of the PVC/PVC-g-PSPMA blend membrane was approximately 2.20L/m2h (LMH) at 14.7bar, which was much higher than that of the pristine PVC membrane. This is due to the water channels that formed due to the presence of hydrophilic ionic groups, which allow for the passage of water while resisting the passage of salt.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1385-8947</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1873-3212</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.cej.2014.02.106</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Elsevier B.V</publisher><subject>Atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) ; Blends ; Chlorides ; Differential scanning calorimetry ; Graft copolymer ; Graft copolymers ; Membranes ; Polyvinyl chlorides ; Pressure retarded osmosis (PRO) ; Salt rejection ; Scanning electron microscopy ; Transmission electron microscopy ; Water flux</subject><ispartof>Chemical engineering journal (Lausanne, Switzerland : 1996), 2014-07, Vol.247, p.1-8</ispartof><rights>2014 Elsevier B.V.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c400t-ebd1773675f4ceaefc4e9d0b8fd04fcb22ab70303e70c037bd4aee403650fc7a3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c400t-ebd1773675f4ceaefc4e9d0b8fd04fcb22ab70303e70c037bd4aee403650fc7a3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,27924,27925</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Patel, Rajkumar</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chi, Won Seok</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ahn, Sung Hoon</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Park, Chul Ho</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lee, Hyung-Keun</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kim, Jong Hak</creatorcontrib><title>Synthesis of poly(vinyl chloride)-g-poly(3-sulfopropyl methacrylate) graft copolymers and their use in pressure retarded osmosis (PRO) membranes</title><title>Chemical engineering journal (Lausanne, Switzerland : 1996)</title><description>[Display omitted] .
•Amphiphilic graft copolymer of PVC-g-PSPMA was synthesized.•Self-assembled, microphase-separated structure was confirmed.•Water flux of membrane increased by introduction of PVC-g-PSPMA.
Poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) was grafted with 3-sulfopropyl methacrylate potassium salt via atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) to produce a poly(vinyl chloride)-g-poly(3-sulfopropyl methacrylate) (PVC-g-PSPMA) amphiphilic graft copolymer, as characterized via Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR). Two separated domains and two glass transition temperatures (Tgs) were observed via transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), respectively, indicating a microphase-separated structure in the PVC-g-PSPMA. Small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) analysis revealed scattering peaks at q=0.54nm−1, by which the interdomain distance was determined to be 11.6nm, roughly consistent with the TEM results. The PVC-g-PSPMA graft copolymer was blended with pristine PVC and solution-casted to prepare organized PVC/PVC-g-PSPMA blend membranes, as characterized via scanning electron microscopy (SEM), contact angle measurement and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The water flux of the PVC/PVC-g-PSPMA blend membrane was approximately 2.20L/m2h (LMH) at 14.7bar, which was much higher than that of the pristine PVC membrane. This is due to the water channels that formed due to the presence of hydrophilic ionic groups, which allow for the passage of water while resisting the passage of salt.</description><subject>Atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP)</subject><subject>Blends</subject><subject>Chlorides</subject><subject>Differential scanning calorimetry</subject><subject>Graft copolymer</subject><subject>Graft copolymers</subject><subject>Membranes</subject><subject>Polyvinyl chlorides</subject><subject>Pressure retarded osmosis (PRO)</subject><subject>Salt rejection</subject><subject>Scanning electron microscopy</subject><subject>Transmission electron microscopy</subject><subject>Water flux</subject><issn>1385-8947</issn><issn>1873-3212</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2014</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNqFUcuO1DAQjBBILAsfwM3HmUNm27ETJ-KEVryklRbxOFuO3d7xKImDO7NS_oJPxmE4L6duVVdXd6mK4i2HAwfe3JwOFk-HCrg8QJWh5llxxVslSlHx6nnuRVuXbSfVy-IV0QkAmo53V8Xv7-u0HJECsejZHId19ximdWD2OMQUHO7Lh_IvLEo6Dz7OKc55POJyNDatg1lwzx6S8QuzcSOOmIiZybEsGxI7E7IwsTkh0TkhS7iY5NCxSGPczu6-frvfZ72xT2ZCel288GYgfPOvXhc_P374cfu5vLv_9OX2_V1pJcBSYu-4UqJRtZcWDXorsXPQt96B9LavKtMrECBQgQWheicNogTR1OCtMuK62F10s6FfZ6RFj4EsDkN-Ip5JcwWd6mreNv-n1jUH1bZSZiq_UG2KRAm9nlMYTVo1B70FpU86B6W3oDRUGdrk3112MNt9DJg02YCTRRcS2kW7GJ7Y_gN8Y56K</recordid><startdate>20140701</startdate><enddate>20140701</enddate><creator>Patel, Rajkumar</creator><creator>Chi, Won Seok</creator><creator>Ahn, Sung Hoon</creator><creator>Park, Chul Ho</creator><creator>Lee, Hyung-Keun</creator><creator>Kim, Jong Hak</creator><general>Elsevier B.V</general><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QH</scope><scope>7UA</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>F1W</scope><scope>H97</scope><scope>L.G</scope><scope>7SR</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>JG9</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20140701</creationdate><title>Synthesis of poly(vinyl chloride)-g-poly(3-sulfopropyl methacrylate) graft copolymers and their use in pressure retarded osmosis (PRO) membranes</title><author>Patel, Rajkumar ; Chi, Won Seok ; Ahn, Sung Hoon ; Park, Chul Ho ; Lee, Hyung-Keun ; Kim, Jong Hak</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c400t-ebd1773675f4ceaefc4e9d0b8fd04fcb22ab70303e70c037bd4aee403650fc7a3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2014</creationdate><topic>Atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP)</topic><topic>Blends</topic><topic>Chlorides</topic><topic>Differential scanning calorimetry</topic><topic>Graft copolymer</topic><topic>Graft copolymers</topic><topic>Membranes</topic><topic>Polyvinyl chlorides</topic><topic>Pressure retarded osmosis (PRO)</topic><topic>Salt rejection</topic><topic>Scanning electron microscopy</topic><topic>Transmission electron microscopy</topic><topic>Water flux</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Patel, Rajkumar</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chi, Won Seok</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ahn, Sung Hoon</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Park, Chul Ho</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lee, Hyung-Keun</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kim, Jong Hak</creatorcontrib><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Aqualine</collection><collection>Water Resources Abstracts</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>ASFA: Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Abstracts</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) Professional</collection><collection>Engineered Materials Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Materials Research Database</collection><jtitle>Chemical engineering journal (Lausanne, Switzerland : 1996)</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Patel, Rajkumar</au><au>Chi, Won Seok</au><au>Ahn, Sung Hoon</au><au>Park, Chul Ho</au><au>Lee, Hyung-Keun</au><au>Kim, Jong Hak</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Synthesis of poly(vinyl chloride)-g-poly(3-sulfopropyl methacrylate) graft copolymers and their use in pressure retarded osmosis (PRO) membranes</atitle><jtitle>Chemical engineering journal (Lausanne, Switzerland : 1996)</jtitle><date>2014-07-01</date><risdate>2014</risdate><volume>247</volume><spage>1</spage><epage>8</epage><pages>1-8</pages><issn>1385-8947</issn><eissn>1873-3212</eissn><abstract>[Display omitted] .
•Amphiphilic graft copolymer of PVC-g-PSPMA was synthesized.•Self-assembled, microphase-separated structure was confirmed.•Water flux of membrane increased by introduction of PVC-g-PSPMA.
Poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) was grafted with 3-sulfopropyl methacrylate potassium salt via atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) to produce a poly(vinyl chloride)-g-poly(3-sulfopropyl methacrylate) (PVC-g-PSPMA) amphiphilic graft copolymer, as characterized via Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR). Two separated domains and two glass transition temperatures (Tgs) were observed via transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), respectively, indicating a microphase-separated structure in the PVC-g-PSPMA. Small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) analysis revealed scattering peaks at q=0.54nm−1, by which the interdomain distance was determined to be 11.6nm, roughly consistent with the TEM results. The PVC-g-PSPMA graft copolymer was blended with pristine PVC and solution-casted to prepare organized PVC/PVC-g-PSPMA blend membranes, as characterized via scanning electron microscopy (SEM), contact angle measurement and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The water flux of the PVC/PVC-g-PSPMA blend membrane was approximately 2.20L/m2h (LMH) at 14.7bar, which was much higher than that of the pristine PVC membrane. This is due to the water channels that formed due to the presence of hydrophilic ionic groups, which allow for the passage of water while resisting the passage of salt.</abstract><pub>Elsevier B.V</pub><doi>10.1016/j.cej.2014.02.106</doi><tpages>8</tpages></addata></record> |
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subjects | Atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) Blends Chlorides Differential scanning calorimetry Graft copolymer Graft copolymers Membranes Polyvinyl chlorides Pressure retarded osmosis (PRO) Salt rejection Scanning electron microscopy Transmission electron microscopy Water flux |
title | Synthesis of poly(vinyl chloride)-g-poly(3-sulfopropyl methacrylate) graft copolymers and their use in pressure retarded osmosis (PRO) membranes |
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