Insulin sensitivity of protein and glucose metabolism in overweight female adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus: positive modulation by physical exercise

AbstractImpairment of insulin sensitivity of glucose metabolism, a prominent feature of type 1 diabetes (DM), is also well documented in adolescence and obesity. Overweight is frequently present during adolescence in females. Spurt in growth is significantly reduced during puberty in females with ty...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Sport sciences for health 2004-12, Vol.1 (1), p.41-46
Main Authors: Luzi, L., Cavadini, V., Bognetti, E., Alberti, G., Battezzati, A., Piceni Sereni, L., Chiumello, G.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Child development
Diabetes
Exercise
Females
Glucose
Insulin resistance
Metabolism
Overweight
Proteins
Teenagers
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Summary:AbstractImpairment of insulin sensitivity of glucose metabolism, a prominent feature of type 1 diabetes (DM), is also well documented in adolescence and obesity. Overweight is frequently present during adolescence in females. Spurt in growth is significantly reduced during puberty in females with type 1 DM, while it is normal in males. In this study we assessed the effect of the coexistence of type 1 DM, adolescence, overweight, and their possible interference with growth. Moreover, we evaluated whether dietetic control associated with physical exercise improved insulin sensitivity in adolescence. The study enrolled 11 female adolescents and young adults (aged 18.5±0.6 years), affected by type 1 DM for 8.3±0.9 years, who were overweight (BMI, 27.3±0.8 kg/m2) and receiving conventional insulin therapy (0.78±0.10 U/kg day). We used the euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp technique coupled to [2H2]glucose and [13C]leucine infusion. The results show a striking increase in insulin resistance of glucose metabolism: the suppression of endogenous glucose production (EGP) was 59% in comparison to 90%–100% recorded by others at similar insulin levels in subjects at different periods of life. Insulin resistance in type 1 DM overweight adolescents was also present on protein metabolism: the postabsorptive plasma leucine (146.9±10.1 μM) and the endogenous leucine flux (ELF, 88.8±4.5 µmol/kg min) were higher than in healthy controls. The suppression of ELF during hyperinsulinemia was defective in diabetic adolescents (27%, p
ISSN:1824-7490
1825-1234
DOI:10.1007/s11332-004-0009-5