Development of Lysiphlebia japonica (Hymenoptera: Aphidiidae), a parasitoid of Toxoptera citricida (Homoptera: Aphididae) at five temperatures

The brown citrus aphid (BrCA), Toxoptera citricida (Kirkaldy), a newly introduced pest of citrus, has become established in Florida. BrCA has shown the capacity not only to inflict direct feeding damage but also to transmit various strains of citrus tristeza virus. As a component of integrated pest...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:The Florida entomologist 1998-09, Vol.81 (3), p.415-423
Main Authors: Deng, Y.X. (University of Florida, Fort Lauderdale.), Tsai, J.H
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adults
Aphididae
Aphidiidae
BIOLOGICAL CONTROL
BIOLOGICAL CONTROL ORGANISMS
BIOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT
BRACONIDAE
CITRUS
ENVIRONMENTAL TEMPERATURE
HEAT
HEAT SUMS
Lysiphlebia japonica
Mating behavior
Mummies
Oviposition
Parasite hosts
PARASITES
PARASITISM
PARASITOIDS
PEST INSECTS
SEX RATIO
SURVIVAL
Temperature ratio
Toxoptera citricida
TOXOPTERA CITRICIDUS
Viruses
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Summary:The brown citrus aphid (BrCA), Toxoptera citricida (Kirkaldy), a newly introduced pest of citrus, has become established in Florida. BrCA has shown the capacity not only to inflict direct feeding damage but also to transmit various strains of citrus tristeza virus. As a component of integrated pest management (IPM) against BrCA, an aphidiid parasitoid, Lysiphlebia japonica (Ashmead) was imported from Japan by USDA. In this study, the development of L. japonica was measured at five constant temperatures (10, 15, 20, 25, and 30°C) using BrCA as a host. Development rate from oviposition to emergence of adult wasps increased linearly with increasing temperature between 10-25°C. The developmental periods from oviposition to adult wasp emergence ranged from 29.7 d at 10°C to 9.9 d at 25°C. Developmental threshold and degree day (DD) requirement for development from oviposition to adult eclosion were 2.9°C and 223.46 DD. The percentage of parasitism varied from 49.93-23.47% within the temperature range of 10-30°C. Pupal survivorship and sex ratio decreased as temperature increased between 10-30°C. Based on our data, this parasitoid is presumably more effective in control of BrCA in cooler months than in summer months. /// Se ha establecido en Florida el Afido Pardo de los Cítricos Toxoptera citricida (Kirkaldy) (BrCA, "Brown Citrus Aphid"), que es una plaga del cítrico recientemente introducida al estado. Este áfido ha demostrado tener la capacidad no sólo para causar daño directo al alimentarse pero también para transmitir varias líneas del virus de la Tristeza de los Cítricos. Como parte de un programa de manejo integrado de plagas (IPM) contra el áfido BrCA, el parasitoide Lysyphlebia japonica (Ashmead) (Hymenoptera: Aphidiidae) fue importado del Japón por el USDA. En este estudio, la duración del desarrollo de L. japonica fué medida bajo cinco temperaturas constantes (10, 15, 20, 25 y 30°C) utilizando el BrCA como hospedero. La tasa de desarrollo desde oviposición hasta la emergencia de la avispa adulta incrementó en forma lineal con el incremento de temperaturas entre 10-25°C. La gama de la duración del desarrollo desde oviposición hasta la emergencia de la avispa adulta varió de 29.7 d a 10°C a 9.9 d a 25°C. El umbral mínimo de desarrollo y los grados-días (DD) requeridos para el desarrollo desde oviposición hasta la eclosión del adulto resultaron ser de 2.9°C y 223.46 DD. El porcentaje de parasitismo estuvo en el rango de 49.93-23.47% dentro de la gama de
ISSN:0015-4040
1938-5102
DOI:10.2307/3495931