Runoff and loads of nutrients and heavy metals from an urbanized area

To investigate the run-off characteristics of dissolved and particulate substances from a heavily urbanized area (basin area: 95 ha, percentage of impervious surfaces: 60%), sensors for measuring water level, water temperature, DO, pH, electric conductivity (EC), turbidity and ammonium ion were plac...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Water science and technology 2006, Vol.53 (2), p.203-213
Main Authors: Shirasuna, H, Fukushima, T, Matsushige, K, Imai, A, Ozaki, N
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Acids
Ammonium
Ammonium compounds
Area
Atmospheric pollution deposition
Cities
Connecting
Electric Conductivity
Electrical resistivity
Environmental Monitoring - methods
Geologic Sediments
Heavy metals
Japan
Loads (forces)
Metals
Metals, Heavy - analysis
Mineral nutrients
Nitrogen
Nitrogen - analysis
Nutrients
Phosphorus
Phosphorus - analysis
Pollutants
Pore size
Precipitation
Rain
Rainfall
Regression analysis
Rivers
Runoff
Sensors
Sewers
Storm sewers
Storms
Time Factors
Turbidity
Water analysis
Water levels
Water Movements
Water Pollutants
Water quality
Water sampling
Water temperature
Zinc
Zinc - analysis
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Summary:To investigate the run-off characteristics of dissolved and particulate substances from a heavily urbanized area (basin area: 95 ha, percentage of impervious surfaces: 60%), sensors for measuring water level, water temperature, DO, pH, electric conductivity (EC), turbidity and ammonium ion were placed in the channel connecting storm sewers and natural river, together with water sampling for analyzing SS, nutrients and metals. While both turbidity and EC showed apparent "first flush", the peaks of EC were always earlier than those of turbidity. In a similar manner, dissolved nutrients and metals exhibited earlier "first flush" compared with particulate nutrients and acid-extractable metals. Significantly positive correlations between EC and dissolved substances as well as those between turbidity and particulate (acid-extractable minus dissolved) substances were usually observed, and two distinct different regressions were found between the two datasets separated before and after the concentration peaks. Using these relationships, the total loads during the respective rainfall events were calculated on the basis of EC and turbidity changes. The total loads of nitrogen, zinc, etc. were nearly proportional to the lengths of non-rainfall periods before the events, indicating that these loads derived from the atmospheric deposition.
ISSN:0273-1223
1996-9732
DOI:10.2166/wst.2006.054