The protective effect of hydrated sodium calcium aluminosilicate against haematological, biochemical and pathological changes induced by Zearalenone in mice

• Published in: Toxicon (Oxford) 2006-04, Vol.47 (5), p.567-574
• Main Authors: Abbès, Samir, Ouanes, Zouhour, Salah-Abbès, Jalila ben, Houas, Zohra, Oueslati, Ridha, Bacha, Hassen, Othman, Omar
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Aluminum Silicates - pharmacology; Animals; Antidotes - pharmacology; Biological and medical sciences; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Estrogens, Non-Steroidal - toxicity; Female; Fusarium; Haematological and biochemical parameters; HSCAS; Kidney; Kidney - pathology; Lethal Dose 50; Liver; Liver - pathology; Medical sciences; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Mycotoxicosis - prevention & control; Olea; Plant poisons toxicology; Prevention; Toxicology; Zearalenone; Zearalenone - toxicity
• ISSN: 0041-0101; 1879-3150
• DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2006.01.016

Hydrated sodium calcium aluminosilicate (HSCAS), an anticaking agent for mixed feed, was added alone or simultaneously with a toxic Zearalenone (ZEN) dose to balb/c mice and was evaluated for its ability to restore damages induced by ZEN. The latter is a mycotoxin produced by fusarium genera; it is mainly known to induce several toxic effects such as hepatotoxicity, immunotoxicity and nephrotoxicity on animals and humans. The experimental approach consisted of eight treatments of six mice each by 400 mg/kg bw or 5 g/kg bw of HSCAS. Two experimental groups have received respectively ZEN alone at 40 (8% of LD 50) and at 500 mg/kg bw (LD 50). Two other groups have received ZEN at 40 or 500 mg/kg bw combined respectively with HSCAS at 400 mg/kg bw and 5 g/kg bw. The control groups received water or olive oil. Forty-eight hours after treatment, blood samples were collected for haematological and serum biochemical parameters measurements. ZEN treatment significantly increased hematocrit, haemoglobin, white blood cells: lymphocytes, eosinophils, neutrophils, monocytes and the most of biochemical serum parameters; it significantly reduced platelets and induced degenerative changes in the hepatic and renal tissues; while, the mixture of HSCAS with ZEN induced a reestablishment of haematological parameters, levels of serum biochemical enzyme activities and histological pictures of both liver and kidney. It also prevented general toxicity of ZEN. This was observed by the shift of LD 50 for this toxin. Thus, our data strongly suggested that deleterious effects of ZEN could be overcome or, at least, significantly were diminished by HSCAS. Moreover, this sorbent by itself did not show any toxic effects.