Hypercholesterolemia-induced ocular disorder: Ameliorating role of phytotherapy

Abstract The ocular region is a complex structure that allows conscious light perception and vision. It is of ecto-mesodermal origin. Cholesterol and polyunsaturated fatty acids are involved in retinal cell function; however, hypercholesterolemia and diabetes impair its function. Retinal damage, neo...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Nutrition (Burbank, Los Angeles County, Calif.) Los Angeles County, Calif.), 2015-11, Vol.31 (11), p.1307-1316
Main Authors: El-Sayyad, Hassan I.H., Ph.D, Elmansi, Ahmed A., Ph.D, Bakr, Eman H.M., Ph.D
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Antioxidants
Antioxidants - pharmacology
Antioxidants - therapeutic use
Cataract - blood
Cataract - etiology
Cataract - prevention & control
Cataracts
Cholesterol
Cholesterol - blood
Cholesterol metabolism
Cornea
Cornea - drug effects
Corneal Diseases - blood
Corneal Diseases - etiology
Corneal Diseases - prevention & control
Eye - drug effects
Eye Diseases - blood
Eye Diseases - etiology
Eye Diseases - prevention & control
Fatty acids
Free radicals
Gastroenterology and Hepatology
Humans
Hypercholesterolemia
Hypercholesterolemia - blood
Hypercholesterolemia - complications
Lens
Lens, Crystalline - drug effects
Light
Lipids
Lipoproteins
Magnoliopsida - chemistry
Membranes
Metabolism
Metabolites
Neovascularization, Pathologic - blood
Neovascularization, Pathologic - etiology
Neovascularization, Pathologic - prevention & control
Oxidative stress
Photoreceptors
Phytotherapy
Polyphenols
Polyunsaturated fatty acids
Protected species
Retina
Retina - drug effects
Retinal Diseases - blood
Retinal Diseases - etiology
Retinal Diseases - prevention & control
Tumor necrosis factor-TNF
Vascular endothelial growth factor
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Summary:Abstract The ocular region is a complex structure that allows conscious light perception and vision. It is of ecto-mesodermal origin. Cholesterol and polyunsaturated fatty acids are involved in retinal cell function; however, hypercholesterolemia and diabetes impair its function. Retinal damage, neovascularization, and cataracts are the main complications of cholesterol overload. Dietary supplementation of selected plant products can lead to the scavenging of free reactive oxygen species, thereby protecting the ocular regions from the damage of hypercholesterolemia. This review illustrates the dramatic effects of increased cholesterol levels on the ocular regions. The effect of phytotherapy is discussed in relation to the different regions of the eye, including the retina, cornea, and lens.
ISSN:0899-9007
1873-1244
DOI:10.1016/j.nut.2015.05.013