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Species interactions and chemical stress: Combined effects of intraspecific and interspecific interactions and pyrene on Daphnia magna population dynamics

Species interactions are often suggested as an important factor when assessing the effects of chemicals on higher levels of biological organization. Nevertheless, the contribution of intraspecific and interspecific interactions to chemical effects on populations is often overlooked. In the present s...

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Published in:Environmental toxicology and chemistry 2015-08, Vol.34 (8), p.1751-1759
Main Authors: Viaene, Karel P. J., De Laender, Frederik, Rico, Andreu, Van den Brink, Paul J., Di Guardo, Antonio, Morselli, Melissa, Janssen, Colin R.
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description Species interactions are often suggested as an important factor when assessing the effects of chemicals on higher levels of biological organization. Nevertheless, the contribution of intraspecific and interspecific interactions to chemical effects on populations is often overlooked. In the present study, Daphnia magna populations were initiated with different levels of intraspecific competition, interspecific competition, and predation and exposed to pyrene pulses. Generalized linear models were used to test which of these factors significantly explained population size and structure at different time points. Pyrene had a negative effect on total population densities, with effects being more pronounced on smaller D. magna individuals. Among all species interactions tested, predation had the largest negative effect on population densities. Predation and high initial intraspecific competition were shown to interact antagonistically with pyrene exposure. This was attributed to differences in population structure before pyrene exposure and pyrene‐induced reductions in predation pressure by Chaoborus sp. larvae. The present study provides empirical evidence that species interactions within and between populations can alter the response of aquatic populations to chemical exposure. Therefore, such interactions are important factors to be considered in ecological risk assessments. Environ Toxicol Chem 2015;34:1751–1759. © 2015 SETAC
doi_str_mv 10.1002/etc.2973
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subjects Animal behavior
Animal populations
Animals
Aquatic populations
Chaoborus
Chemical effects
Competition
Crustaceans
Daphnia - drug effects
Daphnia - growth & development
Daphnia magna
Diptera - drug effects
Diptera - growth & development
Dynamics
Ecological risk assessment
Exposure
Generalized linear models
Interspecific relationships
Larva - drug effects
Larva - growth & development
Larvae
Mathematical models
Nonnative species
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
Population
Population Density
Population Dynamics
Population number
Population structure
Population studies
Predation
Predatory Behavior - drug effects
Pyrene
Pyrenes
Pyrenes - chemistry
Pyrenes - toxicity
Risk Assessment
Species interactions
Statistical models
Toxicity Tests
Toxicology
title Species interactions and chemical stress: Combined effects of intraspecific and interspecific interactions and pyrene on Daphnia magna population dynamics
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