Direct writing electrodes using a ball pen for paper-based point-of-care testing

The integration of paper with an electrochemical device has attracted growing attention for point-of-care testing, where it is of great importance to fabricate electrodes on paper in a low-cost, easy and versatile way. In this work, we report a simple strategy for directly writing electrodes on pape...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Analyst (London) 2015-08, Vol.140 (16), p.5526-5535
Main Authors: Li, Zedong, Li, Fei, Hu, Jie, Wee, Wei Hong, Han, Yu Long, Pingguan-Murphy, Belinda, Lu, Tian Jian, Xu, Feng
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Arrays
Biosensing Techniques
Biosensors
Devices
Electric Conductivity
Electrochemical Techniques - instrumentation
Electrodes
Electronics
Food Analysis
Glucose - analysis
Human
Humans
Microfluidic Analytical Techniques - instrumentation
Point-of-Care Testing
Pressure
Strategy
Triazines - analysis
Urinalysis
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Summary:The integration of paper with an electrochemical device has attracted growing attention for point-of-care testing, where it is of great importance to fabricate electrodes on paper in a low-cost, easy and versatile way. In this work, we report a simple strategy for directly writing electrodes on paper using a pressure-assisted ball pen to form a paper-based electrochemical device (PED). This method is demonstrated to be capable of fabricating electrodes on paper with good electrical conductivity and electrochemical performance, holding great potential to be employed in point-of-care applications, such as in human health diagnostics and food safety detection. As examples, the PEDs fabricated using the developed method are applied for detection of glucose in artificial urine and melamine in sample solutions. Furthermore, our developed strategy is also extended to fabricate PEDs with multi-electrode arrays and write electrodes on non-planar surfaces (e.g., paper cup, human skin), indicating the potential application of our method in other fields, such as fabricating biosensors, paper electronics etc.
ISSN:0003-2654
1364-5528
DOI:10.1039/c5an00620a