Towards normalization of soybean somatic embryo maturation

• Published in: Plant cell reports 2005-09, Vol.24 (7), p.383-391
• Main Authors: Schmidt, M.A, Tucker, D.M, Cahoon, E.B, Parrott, W.A
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: abscisic acid; Abscisic Acid - metabolism; Abscisic Acid - pharmacology; Amino acids; Amino Acids - metabolism; asparagine; Biological and medical sciences; Biotechnology; Carbon sources; Cell Differentiation - drug effects; Cell Differentiation - physiology; culture media; Culture Media - chemistry; Culture Media - pharmacology; Embryonic Development - drug effects; Embryonic Development - physiology; Embryonic growth stage; Embryos; Eukaryotic cell cultures; field crops; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; genetic variation; glutamine; Glutamine - metabolism; Glutamine - pharmacology; Glycine max; Glycine max - drug effects; Glycine max - embryology; Glycine max - metabolism; legumes; lipid content; maltose; methionine; Methionine - metabolism; Methionine - pharmacology; Methods. Procedures. Technologies; micropropagation; Miscellaneous; Plant cells and fungal cells; Plant Proteins - metabolism; protein content; Salts - metabolism; Salts - pharmacology; Seeds; Seeds - chemistry; Seeds - drug effects; Seeds - embryology; Seeds - metabolism; somatic embryogenesis; somatic embryos; Sorbitol - metabolism; Sorbitol - pharmacology; Soybeans; sucrose; Sucrose - metabolism; Sucrose - pharmacology
• ISSN: 0721-7714; 1432-203X
• DOI: 10.1007/s00299-005-0950-z

Soybean (Glycine max L. Merrill) somatic embryos have been useful for assaying seed-specific traits prior to plant recovery. Such traits could be assessed more accurately if somatic embryos more closely mimicked seed development. Amino acid supplements, carbon source, and abscisic acid and basal salt formulations were tested in an effort to modify existing soybean embryogenesis histodifferentiation/maturation media to further normalize the development of soybean somatic embryos. The resultant liquid medium, referred to as soybean histodifferentiation and maturation medium (SHaM), consists of FNL basal salts, 3% sucrose, 3% sorbitol, filter-sterilized 30 mM glutamine and 1 mM methionine. SHaM-derived somatic embryos are more similar to seed in terms of protein and fatty acid/lipid composition, and conversion ability, than somatic embryos obtained from traditional soybean histodifferentiation and maturation media.