MicroRNAs in lung diseases: Recent findings and their pathophysiological implications

Abstract Lung diseases are one of the leading causes of mortality and morbidity worldwide and effective therapies are imperfect. Nonetheless, recently some novel strategies have been developed to treat and curtail their debilitating impact. Some of the treatments include the role of MicroRNAs (miRNA...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Pulmonary pharmacology & therapeutics 2015-10, Vol.34, p.55-63
Main Authors: Ebrahimi, Ammar, Sadroddiny, Esmaeil
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Asthma
Asthma - genetics
Asthma - physiopathology
COPD
Cystic Fibrosis - genetics
Cystic Fibrosis - physiopathology
Gene Expression
Humans
Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis - genetics
Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis - physiopathology
Inflammation - genetics
Inflammation - physiopathology
Inflammation Mediators - metabolism
Lung disease
Lung Diseases - genetics
Lung Diseases - physiopathology
Lung Neoplasms - genetics
Lung Neoplasms - physiopathology
Medical Education
microRNA
MicroRNAs - genetics
MicroRNAs - metabolism
NSCLC
Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive - genetics
Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive - physiopathology
Pulmonary/Respiratory
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Summary:Abstract Lung diseases are one of the leading causes of mortality and morbidity worldwide and effective therapies are imperfect. Nonetheless, recently some novel strategies have been developed to treat and curtail their debilitating impact. Some of the treatments include the role of MicroRNAs (miRNAs) in stemming the spread of lung morbidities. Micro RNAs are small non-coding RNAs which are known as important players in the posttranscriptional regulation of gene expression in mammalian cells by regulating translation. MiRNAs are involved in basic regulatory mechanisms of cells including influencing inflammation. MiRNA dysregulation, resulting in aberrant expression of a gene, is suggested to play a key role in susceptibility of diseases. MiRNAs are involved in the pathogenesis of lung diseases such as cystic fibrosis, lung cancer, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. A better understanding of the involvement of miRNAs in pathogenesis of these diseases could result in the development of new therapeutic and diagnostic tools. In this review, we provide an overview of the current understanding of miRNA biogenesis and role as well as recent insights into role of some miRNAs in different pulmonary diseases.
ISSN:1094-5539
1522-9629
DOI:10.1016/j.pupt.2015.08.007