Pediatric Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation: An Introduction for Emergency Medicine Physicians

Abstract Background Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) therapy has supported critically ill pediatric patients in the intensive care unit setting with cardiac and respiratory failure. This therapy is beginning to transition to the emergency department setting. Objective of Review This articl...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:The Journal of emergency medicine 2015-10, Vol.49 (4), p.552-560
Main Authors: Gehrmann, Lynn P., MD, Hafner, John W., MD, MPH, FACEP, Montgomery, Daniel L., MD, Buckley, Klayton W., CCP, RN, Fortuna, Randall S., MD, FACS
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Critical Illness - therapy
E-CPR
ECMO
Emergency
Emergency Medicine - education
Emergency Medicine - methods
extracorporeal membrane oxygenation
Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation - education
Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation - methods
Heart Failure - therapy
Humans
pediatric
respiratory failure
Respiratory Insufficiency - therapy
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Summary:Abstract Background Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) therapy has supported critically ill pediatric patients in the intensive care unit setting with cardiac and respiratory failure. This therapy is beginning to transition to the emergency department setting. Objective of Review This article describes the fundamentals of ECMO and familiarizes the emergency medicine physician with its use in critically ill pediatric patients. Discussion ECMO can be utilized as either venoarterial (VA) or venovenous (VV), to support oxygenation and perfusion in respiratory failure, sepsis, cardiac arrest, and environmental hypothermia.
ISSN:0736-4679
2352-5029
DOI:10.1016/j.jemermed.2015.02.010