Hyperleukocytosis, an unusual paraneoplastic manifestation of lung cancer: Case report and review of literature

Leukocytosis may be found in patients with lung cancer either at time of diagnosis or during the course of the disease. Though mild leukocytosis is common in lung cancer, hyperleukocytosis defined as total leukocyte count more than 100,000 is uncommon. We describe a 68-year-old chronic smoker who pr...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of cancer research and therapeutics 2015-07, Vol.11 (3), p.669-669
Main Authors: Sreevatsa, Aparna, Babu, Suresh M C, Babu, Govind K, Suresh, T M
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Aged
Aggressiveness
Antigens
Biopsy
Bone marrow
Bone Neoplasms - diagnostic imaging
Bone Neoplasms - secondary
Care and treatment
Case studies
Chemotherapy
Complications and side effects
Diagnosis
Edema
Fatal Outcome
Growth factors
Humans
Leukocytosis
Leukocytosis - diagnostic imaging
Leukocytosis - pathology
Lung cancer
Lung Neoplasms - diagnostic imaging
Lung Neoplasms - immunology
Lung Neoplasms - pathology
Male
Medical prognosis
Metastasis
Middle Aged
Neutrophil Infiltration
NMR
Nuclear magnetic resonance
Paraneoplastic Syndromes - diagnostic imaging
Paraneoplastic Syndromes - immunology
Patient outcomes
Patients
Radiography
Risk factors
Tumors
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Summary:Leukocytosis may be found in patients with lung cancer either at time of diagnosis or during the course of the disease. Though mild leukocytosis is common in lung cancer, hyperleukocytosis defined as total leukocyte count more than 100,000 is uncommon. We describe a 68-year-old chronic smoker who presented with osteolytic pelvic bone lesion and hyperleukocytosis, who on evaluation was found to have a primary lung cancer. Bone marrow aspiration and biopsy showed marked myeloid hyperplasia. Myeloid series comprised predominantly mature neutrophils and stab forms. Cytogenetic investigation showed a normal chromosome set (46, XY). Repeated cultures from blood, urine, and sputum were sterile. He was started on chemotherapy but had a progressive downhill course. In patient with lung cancer, leukocytosis can be due to infection, use of corticosteroid or hematopoetic growth factors, bone marrow involvement, or paraneoplastic manifestation. Paraneoplastic leukocytosis is associated with poor prognosis and aggressive disease.
ISSN:0973-1482
1998-4138
DOI:10.4103/0973-1482.151865