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Mortality and survival of African Penguins Spheniscus demersus involved in the Apollo Sea oil spill : an evaluation of rehabilitation efforts
The bulk ore carrier Apollo Sea sank near Dassen Island, South Africa, on 20 June 1994 during a period of winter storms. Approximately 10 000 African (Jackass) Penguins Spheniscus demersus were oiled, collected and transported to the SANCCOB rescue centre; 5213 were released after cleaning, 4076 wit...
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Published in: | Ibis (London, England) England), 1999, Vol.141 (1), p.29-37 |
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creator | UNDERHILL, L. G BARTLETT, P. A WILLIAMS, A. J WHITTINGTON, P. A WOLFAARDT, A. C BAUMANN, L CRAWFORD, R. J. M DYER, B. M GILDENHUYS, A NEL, D. C OATLEY, T. B THORNTON, M UPFOLD, L |
description | The bulk ore carrier
Apollo Sea
sank near Dassen Island, South Africa, on 20 June 1994 during a period of winter storms. Approximately 10 000 African (Jackass) Penguins
Spheniscus demersus
were oiled, collected and transported to the SANCCOB rescue centre; 5213 were released after cleaning, 4076 with flipper bands. We believe that most of the penguins oiled during this incident reached an island or the mainland alive, and that there was no mass mortality in the wild at the time of the oil spill. Birds from all parts of the breeding range were oiled, but most were from Robben and Dassen Islands. The overwhelming majority of released birds made the transition from the rescue centre to the wild successfully; 2652 had been resighted at breeding colonies within two years of their release; the cumulative number of birds was increasing steadily and an asymptote had not been reached by August 1996. There was a wide dispersal of released penguins, with recoveries and resightings over 1800 km of coastline between Algoa Bay and Walvis Bay. |
doi_str_mv | 10.1111/j.1474-919x.1999.tb04260.x |
format | article |
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Apollo Sea
sank near Dassen Island, South Africa, on 20 June 1994 during a period of winter storms. Approximately 10 000 African (Jackass) Penguins
Spheniscus demersus
were oiled, collected and transported to the SANCCOB rescue centre; 5213 were released after cleaning, 4076 with flipper bands. We believe that most of the penguins oiled during this incident reached an island or the mainland alive, and that there was no mass mortality in the wild at the time of the oil spill. Birds from all parts of the breeding range were oiled, but most were from Robben and Dassen Islands. The overwhelming majority of released birds made the transition from the rescue centre to the wild successfully; 2652 had been resighted at breeding colonies within two years of their release; the cumulative number of birds was increasing steadily and an asymptote had not been reached by August 1996. There was a wide dispersal of released penguins, with recoveries and resightings over 1800 km of coastline between Algoa Bay and Walvis Bay.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0019-1019</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1474-919X</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1111/j.1474-919x.1999.tb04260.x</identifier><identifier>CODEN: IBISAL</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Oxford: Blackwell</publisher><subject>Animal, plant and microbial ecology ; Applied ecology ; Aves ; Biological and medical sciences ; Ecotoxicology, biological effects of pollution ; Effects of pollution and side effects of pesticides on vertebrates ; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology ; Spheniscus demersus</subject><ispartof>Ibis (London, England), 1999, Vol.141 (1), p.29-37</ispartof><rights>1999 INIST-CNRS</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c321t-c7b2089ec496450421c48d1611ede15a3ccc9abd98198aedf15a4e392cea1853</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c321t-c7b2089ec496450421c48d1611ede15a3ccc9abd98198aedf15a4e392cea1853</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,4024,27923,27924,27925</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=1852329$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>UNDERHILL, L. G</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>BARTLETT, P. A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>WILLIAMS, A. J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>WHITTINGTON, P. A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>WOLFAARDT, A. C</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>BAUMANN, L</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>CRAWFORD, R. J. M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>DYER, B. M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>GILDENHUYS, A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>NEL, D. C</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>OATLEY, T. B</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>THORNTON, M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>UPFOLD, L</creatorcontrib><title>Mortality and survival of African Penguins Spheniscus demersus involved in the Apollo Sea oil spill : an evaluation of rehabilitation efforts</title><title>Ibis (London, England)</title><description>The bulk ore carrier
Apollo Sea
sank near Dassen Island, South Africa, on 20 June 1994 during a period of winter storms. Approximately 10 000 African (Jackass) Penguins
Spheniscus demersus
were oiled, collected and transported to the SANCCOB rescue centre; 5213 were released after cleaning, 4076 with flipper bands. We believe that most of the penguins oiled during this incident reached an island or the mainland alive, and that there was no mass mortality in the wild at the time of the oil spill. Birds from all parts of the breeding range were oiled, but most were from Robben and Dassen Islands. The overwhelming majority of released birds made the transition from the rescue centre to the wild successfully; 2652 had been resighted at breeding colonies within two years of their release; the cumulative number of birds was increasing steadily and an asymptote had not been reached by August 1996. There was a wide dispersal of released penguins, with recoveries and resightings over 1800 km of coastline between Algoa Bay and Walvis Bay.</description><subject>Animal, plant and microbial ecology</subject><subject>Applied ecology</subject><subject>Aves</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Ecotoxicology, biological effects of pollution</subject><subject>Effects of pollution and side effects of pesticides on vertebrates</subject><subject>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. 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B ; THORNTON, M ; UPFOLD, L</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c321t-c7b2089ec496450421c48d1611ede15a3ccc9abd98198aedf15a4e392cea1853</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>1999</creationdate><topic>Animal, plant and microbial ecology</topic><topic>Applied ecology</topic><topic>Aves</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Ecotoxicology, biological effects of pollution</topic><topic>Effects of pollution and side effects of pesticides on vertebrates</topic><topic>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</topic><topic>Spheniscus demersus</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>UNDERHILL, L. G</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>BARTLETT, P. A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>WILLIAMS, A. J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>WHITTINGTON, P. A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>WOLFAARDT, A. 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B</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>THORNTON, M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>UPFOLD, L</creatorcontrib><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Ecology Abstracts</collection><collection>Oceanic Abstracts</collection><collection>Pollution Abstracts</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>ASFA: Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Abstracts</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) Professional</collection><jtitle>Ibis (London, England)</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>UNDERHILL, L. G</au><au>BARTLETT, P. A</au><au>WILLIAMS, A. J</au><au>WHITTINGTON, P. A</au><au>WOLFAARDT, A. C</au><au>BAUMANN, L</au><au>CRAWFORD, R. J. M</au><au>DYER, B. M</au><au>GILDENHUYS, A</au><au>NEL, D. C</au><au>OATLEY, T. B</au><au>THORNTON, M</au><au>UPFOLD, L</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Mortality and survival of African Penguins Spheniscus demersus involved in the Apollo Sea oil spill : an evaluation of rehabilitation efforts</atitle><jtitle>Ibis (London, England)</jtitle><date>1999</date><risdate>1999</risdate><volume>141</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>29</spage><epage>37</epage><pages>29-37</pages><issn>0019-1019</issn><eissn>1474-919X</eissn><coden>IBISAL</coden><abstract>The bulk ore carrier
Apollo Sea
sank near Dassen Island, South Africa, on 20 June 1994 during a period of winter storms. Approximately 10 000 African (Jackass) Penguins
Spheniscus demersus
were oiled, collected and transported to the SANCCOB rescue centre; 5213 were released after cleaning, 4076 with flipper bands. We believe that most of the penguins oiled during this incident reached an island or the mainland alive, and that there was no mass mortality in the wild at the time of the oil spill. Birds from all parts of the breeding range were oiled, but most were from Robben and Dassen Islands. The overwhelming majority of released birds made the transition from the rescue centre to the wild successfully; 2652 had been resighted at breeding colonies within two years of their release; the cumulative number of birds was increasing steadily and an asymptote had not been reached by August 1996. There was a wide dispersal of released penguins, with recoveries and resightings over 1800 km of coastline between Algoa Bay and Walvis Bay.</abstract><cop>Oxford</cop><pub>Blackwell</pub><doi>10.1111/j.1474-919x.1999.tb04260.x</doi><tpages>9</tpages></addata></record> |
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subjects | Animal, plant and microbial ecology Applied ecology Aves Biological and medical sciences Ecotoxicology, biological effects of pollution Effects of pollution and side effects of pesticides on vertebrates Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Spheniscus demersus |
title | Mortality and survival of African Penguins Spheniscus demersus involved in the Apollo Sea oil spill : an evaluation of rehabilitation efforts |
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