Morphological and molecular analysis of common millet (P. miliaceum) cultivars compared to an aDNA sample from the 15th century (Hungary)

Issue Title: Special Issue: Genetic Variation for Plant Breeding Selected Papers Presented at the 17th EUCARPIA General Congress 2004, Tulln, Austria Morphological characterization of 20 common millet (Panicum miliaceum L., 2n = 4x = 36) cultivars and landraces revealed four distinct clusters which...

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Published in:Euphytica 2005-11, Vol.146 (1-2), p.77-85
Main Authors: Lagler, R, Gyulai, G, Humphreys, M, Szabo, Z, Horvath, L, Bittsanszky, A, Kiss, J, Holly, L, Heszky, L
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
alleles
ancient DNA
cleaved amplified polymorphic DNA
Cultivars
Genetic diversity
genetic markers
genetic variation
inter-simple sequence repeat
landraces
loci
medieval millet
microsatellite repeats
Millet
millets
Mitochondrial DNA
Panicum miliaceum
Phenotypes
Plant breeding
ribosomal DNA
single nucleotide polymorphism
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Summary:Issue Title: Special Issue: Genetic Variation for Plant Breeding Selected Papers Presented at the 17th EUCARPIA General Congress 2004, Tulln, Austria Morphological characterization of 20 common millet (Panicum miliaceum L., 2n = 4x = 36) cultivars and landraces revealed four distinct clusters which were apparently consistent with the grain colors of black, black and brown, red, yellow, and white. Seed remains of medieval millet, recovered from a 15th century layer (King's Palace, Budapest, Hungary), showed reddish yellow grain color after rehydrating on tissue culture medium that was close to grain color of modern cultivar Omszkoje. aDNA of medieval commom millet was extracted successfully, analyzed and compared to modern common millets by ISSR, SSR, CAP and mtDNA. Analyses of fragments and sequences revealed polymorphism at seven ISSR loci (15 alleles) and at the 5S-18S rDNA locus of mtDNA. CAP analysis of the 5S-18S rDNA fragment revealed no SNPs in the restriction sites of six endonucleases TaqI, BsuRI, HinfI, MboI, AluI and RsaI. Sequence alignments of the restriction fragments RsaI also revealed consensus sequence in the medieval sample compared to a modern variety. An attempted phenotype reconstruction indicated that medieval common millet showed the closest morphological similarity to modern millet cultivar Omszkoje.[PUBLICATION ABSTRACT]
ISSN:0014-2336
1573-5060
DOI:10.1007/s10681-005-5814-7