Hematotoxicity of magnetite nanoparticles coated with polyethylene glycol: in vitroand in vivostudies

• Published in: Toxicology research (Cambridge) 2015-10, Vol.4 (6), p.1555-1564
• Main Authors: Ruiz, A, Ali, Lamiaa MA, Caceres-Velez, PR, Cornudella, R, Gutierrez, M, Moreno, JA, Pinol, R, Palacio, F, Fascineli, M L, de Azevedo, RB, Morales, M P, Millan, A
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• ISSN: 2045-452X; 2045-4538
• DOI: 10.1039/c4tx00241e

Hematotoxicity of magnetite nanoparticles coated with dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) and polyethylene glycol (PEG) has been evaluated by determining their safety in vitroand in vivoin a rat model up to 30 days after administration of a single dose. The in vitroanalysis consists of global plasma coagulation (PT, aPTT, and fibrinogen) and platelet aggregation tests while the hematotoxicity studies in vivoinclude a complete blood count and the possible genotoxic effect analysis in the bone marrow hematopoietic function. Prolonged aPTT values indicate a higher anticoagulant effect for NP-DMSA compared with PEG-coated nanoparticles as a consequence of the higher surface charge of the former. The in vivotests showed that these bioferrofluids do not cause genotoxic effects, affect erythropoiesis or increase the number of immature erythrocytes in the bone marrow at the analyzed dose. However, nanoparticle administration showed a significant effect on the leukocyte counts in animals treated with DMSA coated nanoparticles 24 h after injection. This response is not observed in animals treated with PEG modified nanoparticles which justifies the use of this polymer in biomasking strategies.