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Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK) deficiency affects the germination, growth and fruit sugar content in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.)
Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK) is a key regulatory enzyme and is utilized in the gluconeogenesis pathway in plants. Although, its catalytic and regulatory properties are quite well understood, there are uncertainties regarding its physiological role in many plants tissues such as the fles...
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Published in: | Plant physiology and biochemistry 2015-11, Vol.96, p.417-425 |
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description | Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK) is a key regulatory enzyme and is utilized in the gluconeogenesis pathway in plants. Although, its catalytic and regulatory properties are quite well understood, there are uncertainties regarding its physiological role in many plants tissues such as the flesh of developing fruits. To further understand the function of PEPCK in fruits and other tissues, RNAi transgenic tomato plants in which SlPEPCK transcription was down-regulated by either CaMV 35S constitutive promoter or the fruit-specific E8 promoter were generated and characterized on the basis of their phenotypic and metabolic aspects. In the PEPCK-deficient lines, prominent growth suppression of germinated seedlings was observed and other vegetative suppression appeared during the early stage of plant growth in the 35S promoter-driven lines. In particular, root elongation was most obviously suppressed in the germinated seedlings, indicating that the gluconeogenesis pathway is involved in the root growth of seedlings. Regarding the primary metabolism in fruit, the soluble sugar content tended to decrease, whereas the malate content tended to increase in ripening fruits of the RNAi lines compared with the wild type. These results indicate that activation of the gluconeogenesis pathway from organic acids to sugars occurs during ripening but is suppressed by the knocking down of the PEPCK gene, suggesting that PEPCK participates in determining the sugar/acid ratio in ripening fruit.
•Systemic PEPCK suppression caused remarkable growth suppression in seedlings.•Systemic PEPCK suppression caused growth suppression in juvenile plants.•Soluble sugar contents decreased in RNAi transgenic fruit.•Malate content showed an increasing tendency in RNAi transgenic fruit. |
doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.plaphy.2015.08.021 |
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•Systemic PEPCK suppression caused remarkable growth suppression in seedlings.•Systemic PEPCK suppression caused growth suppression in juvenile plants.•Soluble sugar contents decreased in RNAi transgenic fruit.•Malate content showed an increasing tendency in RNAi transgenic fruit.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0981-9428</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1873-2690</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2015.08.021</identifier><identifier>PMID: 26381194</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>France: Elsevier Masson SAS</publisher><subject>Carbohydrate Metabolism ; Fruit ; Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic ; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant ; Germination - physiology ; Gluconeogenesis ; Lycopersicon esculentum - enzymology ; Lycopersicon esculentum - growth & development ; Lycopersicon esculentum - metabolism ; Lycopersicon esculentum - physiology ; PEPCK ; Phosphoenolpyruvate Carboxykinase (ATP) - genetics ; Phosphoenolpyruvate Carboxykinase (ATP) - metabolism ; Phosphoenolpyruvate Carboxykinase (ATP) - physiology ; Plants, Genetically Modified ; Seedling growth ; Sugar content ; Tomato ; Transcription, Genetic</subject><ispartof>Plant physiology and biochemistry, 2015-11, Vol.96, p.417-425</ispartof><rights>2015 Elsevier Masson SAS</rights><rights>Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c362t-593b3cbac2bbfda5a328f4ee7105a43af39b99feb78e60e523d76f00b5decf373</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c362t-593b3cbac2bbfda5a328f4ee7105a43af39b99feb78e60e523d76f00b5decf373</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,778,782,27907,27908</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26381194$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Huang, Yong-Xing</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yin, Yong-Gen</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sanuki, Atsuko</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fukuda, Naoya</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ezura, Hiroshi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Matsukura, Chiaki</creatorcontrib><title>Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK) deficiency affects the germination, growth and fruit sugar content in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.)</title><title>Plant physiology and biochemistry</title><addtitle>Plant Physiol Biochem</addtitle><description>Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK) is a key regulatory enzyme and is utilized in the gluconeogenesis pathway in plants. Although, its catalytic and regulatory properties are quite well understood, there are uncertainties regarding its physiological role in many plants tissues such as the flesh of developing fruits. To further understand the function of PEPCK in fruits and other tissues, RNAi transgenic tomato plants in which SlPEPCK transcription was down-regulated by either CaMV 35S constitutive promoter or the fruit-specific E8 promoter were generated and characterized on the basis of their phenotypic and metabolic aspects. In the PEPCK-deficient lines, prominent growth suppression of germinated seedlings was observed and other vegetative suppression appeared during the early stage of plant growth in the 35S promoter-driven lines. In particular, root elongation was most obviously suppressed in the germinated seedlings, indicating that the gluconeogenesis pathway is involved in the root growth of seedlings. Regarding the primary metabolism in fruit, the soluble sugar content tended to decrease, whereas the malate content tended to increase in ripening fruits of the RNAi lines compared with the wild type. These results indicate that activation of the gluconeogenesis pathway from organic acids to sugars occurs during ripening but is suppressed by the knocking down of the PEPCK gene, suggesting that PEPCK participates in determining the sugar/acid ratio in ripening fruit.
•Systemic PEPCK suppression caused remarkable growth suppression in seedlings.•Systemic PEPCK suppression caused growth suppression in juvenile plants.•Soluble sugar contents decreased in RNAi transgenic fruit.•Malate content showed an increasing tendency in RNAi transgenic fruit.</description><subject>Carbohydrate Metabolism</subject><subject>Fruit</subject><subject>Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic</subject><subject>Gene Expression Regulation, Plant</subject><subject>Germination - physiology</subject><subject>Gluconeogenesis</subject><subject>Lycopersicon esculentum - enzymology</subject><subject>Lycopersicon esculentum - growth & development</subject><subject>Lycopersicon esculentum - metabolism</subject><subject>Lycopersicon esculentum - physiology</subject><subject>PEPCK</subject><subject>Phosphoenolpyruvate Carboxykinase (ATP) - genetics</subject><subject>Phosphoenolpyruvate Carboxykinase (ATP) - metabolism</subject><subject>Phosphoenolpyruvate Carboxykinase (ATP) - physiology</subject><subject>Plants, Genetically Modified</subject><subject>Seedling growth</subject><subject>Sugar content</subject><subject>Tomato</subject><subject>Transcription, Genetic</subject><issn>0981-9428</issn><issn>1873-2690</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2015</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNp9kctu1DAUhi0EotPCGyDk5VQiwZfcvEFCo1IQIzESsLYc53jiIYmD7RTyFjwyLlNYsjo60vefy_8j9IKSnBJavT7l86Dmfs0ZoWVOmpww-ghtaFPzjFWCPEYbIhqaiYI1F-gyhBMhhBU1f4ouWMUbSkWxQb8OvQtz72Byw7z65U5FwFr51v1cv9lJBcDbw81h9_Ead2CstjDpFStjQMeAYw_4CH5MYLRueoWP3v2IPVZTh41fbMRhOSqPtZsiTBHbCUc3qujw9rMb1LSMeFi1m8EHq1Ozz6-foSdGDQGeP9Qr9PXdzZfd-2z_6fbD7u0-07xiMSsFb7lulWZtazpVKs4aUwDUlJSq4Mpw0QphoK0bqAiUjHd1ZQhpyw604TW_Qtvz3Nm77wuEKEcbNAzpKnBLkLRmtRBFsimhxRnV3oXgwcjZ21H5VVIi77OQJ3nOQt5nIUkjUxZJ9vJhw9KO0P0T_TU_AW_OAKQ_7yx4Gf74C531yV7ZOfv_Db8BEiagWw</recordid><startdate>201511</startdate><enddate>201511</enddate><creator>Huang, Yong-Xing</creator><creator>Yin, Yong-Gen</creator><creator>Sanuki, Atsuko</creator><creator>Fukuda, Naoya</creator><creator>Ezura, Hiroshi</creator><creator>Matsukura, Chiaki</creator><general>Elsevier Masson SAS</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>201511</creationdate><title>Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK) deficiency affects the germination, growth and fruit sugar content in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.)</title><author>Huang, Yong-Xing ; Yin, Yong-Gen ; Sanuki, Atsuko ; Fukuda, Naoya ; Ezura, Hiroshi ; Matsukura, Chiaki</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c362t-593b3cbac2bbfda5a328f4ee7105a43af39b99feb78e60e523d76f00b5decf373</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2015</creationdate><topic>Carbohydrate Metabolism</topic><topic>Fruit</topic><topic>Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic</topic><topic>Gene Expression Regulation, Plant</topic><topic>Germination - physiology</topic><topic>Gluconeogenesis</topic><topic>Lycopersicon esculentum - enzymology</topic><topic>Lycopersicon esculentum - growth & development</topic><topic>Lycopersicon esculentum - metabolism</topic><topic>Lycopersicon esculentum - physiology</topic><topic>PEPCK</topic><topic>Phosphoenolpyruvate Carboxykinase (ATP) - genetics</topic><topic>Phosphoenolpyruvate Carboxykinase (ATP) - metabolism</topic><topic>Phosphoenolpyruvate Carboxykinase (ATP) - physiology</topic><topic>Plants, Genetically Modified</topic><topic>Seedling growth</topic><topic>Sugar content</topic><topic>Tomato</topic><topic>Transcription, Genetic</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Huang, Yong-Xing</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yin, Yong-Gen</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sanuki, Atsuko</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fukuda, Naoya</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ezura, Hiroshi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Matsukura, Chiaki</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Plant physiology and biochemistry</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Huang, Yong-Xing</au><au>Yin, Yong-Gen</au><au>Sanuki, Atsuko</au><au>Fukuda, Naoya</au><au>Ezura, Hiroshi</au><au>Matsukura, Chiaki</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK) deficiency affects the germination, growth and fruit sugar content in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.)</atitle><jtitle>Plant physiology and biochemistry</jtitle><addtitle>Plant Physiol Biochem</addtitle><date>2015-11</date><risdate>2015</risdate><volume>96</volume><spage>417</spage><epage>425</epage><pages>417-425</pages><issn>0981-9428</issn><eissn>1873-2690</eissn><abstract>Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK) is a key regulatory enzyme and is utilized in the gluconeogenesis pathway in plants. Although, its catalytic and regulatory properties are quite well understood, there are uncertainties regarding its physiological role in many plants tissues such as the flesh of developing fruits. To further understand the function of PEPCK in fruits and other tissues, RNAi transgenic tomato plants in which SlPEPCK transcription was down-regulated by either CaMV 35S constitutive promoter or the fruit-specific E8 promoter were generated and characterized on the basis of their phenotypic and metabolic aspects. In the PEPCK-deficient lines, prominent growth suppression of germinated seedlings was observed and other vegetative suppression appeared during the early stage of plant growth in the 35S promoter-driven lines. In particular, root elongation was most obviously suppressed in the germinated seedlings, indicating that the gluconeogenesis pathway is involved in the root growth of seedlings. Regarding the primary metabolism in fruit, the soluble sugar content tended to decrease, whereas the malate content tended to increase in ripening fruits of the RNAi lines compared with the wild type. These results indicate that activation of the gluconeogenesis pathway from organic acids to sugars occurs during ripening but is suppressed by the knocking down of the PEPCK gene, suggesting that PEPCK participates in determining the sugar/acid ratio in ripening fruit.
•Systemic PEPCK suppression caused remarkable growth suppression in seedlings.•Systemic PEPCK suppression caused growth suppression in juvenile plants.•Soluble sugar contents decreased in RNAi transgenic fruit.•Malate content showed an increasing tendency in RNAi transgenic fruit.</abstract><cop>France</cop><pub>Elsevier Masson SAS</pub><pmid>26381194</pmid><doi>10.1016/j.plaphy.2015.08.021</doi><tpages>9</tpages></addata></record> |
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subjects | Carbohydrate Metabolism Fruit Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic Gene Expression Regulation, Plant Germination - physiology Gluconeogenesis Lycopersicon esculentum - enzymology Lycopersicon esculentum - growth & development Lycopersicon esculentum - metabolism Lycopersicon esculentum - physiology PEPCK Phosphoenolpyruvate Carboxykinase (ATP) - genetics Phosphoenolpyruvate Carboxykinase (ATP) - metabolism Phosphoenolpyruvate Carboxykinase (ATP) - physiology Plants, Genetically Modified Seedling growth Sugar content Tomato Transcription, Genetic |
title | Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK) deficiency affects the germination, growth and fruit sugar content in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) |
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