Functional Correlates of Military Sexual Assault in Male Veterans

• Published in: Psychological services 2015-11, Vol.12 (4), p.384-393
• Main Authors: Schry, Amie R., Hibberd, Rachel, Wagner, H. Ryan, Turchik, Jessica A., Kimbrel, Nathan A., Wong, Madrianne, Elbogen, Eric E., Strauss, Jennifer L., Brancu, Mira
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adult; Alcohol use; Armed forces; Childhood; Clinical management; Disability; Drug abuse; Female; Health care; Health Care Services; History; Human; Human Males; Humans; Imprisonment; Male; Males; Men; Mental depression; Mental Disorders - epidemiology; Mental Disorders - therapy; Mental health services; Mental Health Services - statistics & numerical data; Middle Aged; Military Personnel - statistics & numerical data; Military Sexual Trauma; Military Veterans; Needs; Outpatient treatment; Physical education; Physical trauma; Post traumatic stress disorder; Race; Self destructive behavior; Severity; Severity of Illness Index; Sex Offenses - statistics & numerical data; Sexual Abuse; Sexual assault; Social support; Substance abuse; Suicide; Suicide - statistics & numerical data; Symptoms; Trauma; United States; Veterans; Veterans - statistics & numerical data; Vulnerability
• ISSN: 1541-1559; 1939-148X
• DOI: 10.1037/ser0000053

Despite research findings that similar numbers of male and female veterans are affected by military sexual trauma (MST), there has been considerably less research on the effects of MST specific to male veterans. The aim of the present study was to provide preliminary data describing functional correlates of military sexual assault (MSA) among male Iraq/Afghanistan-era veterans to identify potential health care needs for this population. We evaluated the following functional correlates: posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms, depression symptoms, alcohol use, drug use, suicidality, social support, violent behavior in the past 30 days, incarceration, disability eligibility status, and use of outpatient mental health treatment. We compared 3 groups: (a) male veterans who endorsed a history of MSA (n = 39), (b) a general non-MSA sample (n = 2,003), and (c) a matched non-MSA sample (n = 39) identified by matching algorithms on the basis of factors (e.g., age, education, adult premilitary sexual trauma history, childhood sexual and physical trauma history, and race) that could increase veterans' vulnerability to the functional correlates examined. MSA in men was associated with greater PTSD symptom severity, greater depression symptom severity, higher suicidality, and higher outpatient mental health treatment, above and beyond the effects of vulnerability factors. These findings suggest that, for male veterans, MSA may result in a severe and enduring overall symptom profile requiring ongoing clinical management.