Biosynthesized silver nanoparticles using floral extract of Chrysanthemum indicum L.—potential for malaria vector control

• Published in: Environmental science and pollution research international 2015-07, Vol.22 (13), p.9759-9765
• Main Authors: Arokiyaraj, Selvaraj, Dinesh Kumar, Vannam, Elakya, Vijay, Kamala, Tamilselvan, Park, Sung Kwon, Ragam, Muthiah, Saravanan, Muthupandian, Bououdina, Mohomad, Arasu, Mariadhas Valan, Kovendan, Kalimuthu, Vincent, Savariar
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Animals; Anopheles; Anopheles stephensi; Aquatic insects; Aquatic Pollution; Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution; Biosynthesis; Biotechnology; Chrysanthemum; Chrysanthemum - chemistry; Dengue fever; Earth and Environmental Science; Ecotoxicology; Entomology; Environment; Environmental Chemistry; Environmental effects; Environmental Health; Environmental science; Flowers & plants; India; Insecticides; Insecticides - chemistry; Laboratories; Larva; Larvae; Malaria; Mathematical analysis; Metal Nanoparticles - chemistry; Mortality; Mosquito Control - methods; Mosquitoes; Nanoparticles; Phytochemicals; Plant Extracts - chemistry; Plant Extracts - toxicity; Plant Leaves - chemistry; Pupa; R&D; Research & development; Research Article; Science; Silver; Silver - chemistry; Spectrum analysis; Studies; Texture; Transmission electron microscopy; Tropical diseases; Vector-borne diseases; Vectors (Biology); Vectors (mathematics); Waste Water Technology; Water Management; Water Pollution Control; X-Ray Diffraction; X-ray spectroscopy; Zoology
• ISSN: 0944-1344; 1614-7499
• DOI: 10.1007/s11356-015-4148-9

Mosquitoes transmit serious human diseases, causing millions of deaths every year. The use of synthetic insecticides to control vector mosquitoes has caused physiological resistance and adverse environmental effects in addition to high operational cost. Insecticides synthesized of natural products for vector control have been a priority in this area. In the present study, silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) were green-synthesized using a floral extract of Chrysanthemum indicum screened for larvicidal and pupicidal activity against the first to fourth instar larvae and pupae of the malaria vector Anopheles stephensi mosquitoes. The synthesized Ag NPs were characterized by using UV–vis absorption, X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy techniques. The textures of the yielded Ag NPs were found to be spherical and polydispersed with a mean size in the range of 25–59 nm. Larvae and pupae were exposed to various concentrations of aqueous extract of C. indicum and synthesized Ag NPs for 24 h, and the maximum mortality was observed from the synthesized Ag NPs against the vector A. stephensi (LC 50  = 5.07, 10.35, 14.19, 22.81, and 35.05 ppm; LC 90  = 29.18, 47.15, 65.53, 87.96, and 115.05 ppm). These results suggest that the synthesized Ag NPs have the potential to be used as an ideal eco-friendly approach for the control of A. stephensi . Additionally, this study provides the larvicidal and pupicidal properties of green-synthesized Ag NPs with the floral extract of C. indicum against vector mosquito species from the geographical location of India.