Enhancing the biodiversity of coastal defence structures: transplantation of nursery-reared reef biota onto intertidal seawalls

•Fragments of hard corals, soft corals and sponges were reared in a nursery.•They were transplanted at the intertidal zone of a seawall in Singapore.•Species with massive and encrusting growth forms fared the best.•The surviving transplants provided food and shelter to other marine animals.•Transpla...

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Published in:Ecological engineering 2015-09, Vol.82, p.480-486
Main Authors: Ng, Chin Soon Lionel, Lim, Swee Cheng, Ong, Joo Yong, Teo, Lay Ming Serena, Chou, Loke Ming, Chua, Kok Eng, Tan, Koh Siang
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Cladiella
Coastal
Corals
Defence
Diploastrea heliopora
Ecology
Fragments
Gastropoda
Goniastrea
Heliopora
Hydnophora rigida
Intertidal seawalls
Lendenfeldia
Lobophytum
Marine
Nursery
Pocillopora damicornis
Porites lobata
Reefs
Rhabdastrella globostellata
Singapore
Sinularia
Sponges
Spongia
Transplantation
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cited_by cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c412t-835cbb022a71ce6972eaaff70a833ce512413f477c8ac16737008ca193520fd43
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container_issue
container_start_page 480
container_title Ecological engineering
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creator Ng, Chin Soon Lionel
Lim, Swee Cheng
Ong, Joo Yong
Teo, Lay Ming Serena
Chou, Loke Ming
Chua, Kok Eng
Tan, Koh Siang
description •Fragments of hard corals, soft corals and sponges were reared in a nursery.•They were transplanted at the intertidal zone of a seawall in Singapore.•Species with massive and encrusting growth forms fared the best.•The surviving transplants provided food and shelter to other marine animals.•Transplantation is a feasible way of enhancing the ecological value of seawalls. Natural coastlines around the world are increasingly being modified and replaced by breakwaters, revetments and seawalls. Although such infrastructure is primarily intended to protect existing and new shorelines from erosion, such coastal defence structures can also serve as viable habitats for biological communities. In this study, the feasibility of transplanting reef biota to the intertidal zone of seawalls was explored. Fragments of hard corals (Porites lobata, Pocillopora damicornis, Hydnophora rigida, Diploastrea heliopora, Goniastrea minuta), soft corals (Cladiella sp., Lobophytum sp., Sinularia sp.) and sponges (Rhabdastrella globostellata, Spongia ceylonensis, Lendenfeldia chondrodes) were collected and reared in an ex situ mariculture facility. They were then transferred and affixed to intertidal surfaces of a seawall located on a small island off Changi, Singapore. Survivorship was significantly different between G. minuta and D. heliopora fragments transplanted on the seawall for 13 months (90% vs 10%; χ2=42.29, p
doi_str_mv 10.1016/j.ecoleng.2015.05.016
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Natural coastlines around the world are increasingly being modified and replaced by breakwaters, revetments and seawalls. Although such infrastructure is primarily intended to protect existing and new shorelines from erosion, such coastal defence structures can also serve as viable habitats for biological communities. In this study, the feasibility of transplanting reef biota to the intertidal zone of seawalls was explored. Fragments of hard corals (Porites lobata, Pocillopora damicornis, Hydnophora rigida, Diploastrea heliopora, Goniastrea minuta), soft corals (Cladiella sp., Lobophytum sp., Sinularia sp.) and sponges (Rhabdastrella globostellata, Spongia ceylonensis, Lendenfeldia chondrodes) were collected and reared in an ex situ mariculture facility. They were then transferred and affixed to intertidal surfaces of a seawall located on a small island off Changi, Singapore. Survivorship was significantly different between G. minuta and D. heliopora fragments transplanted on the seawall for 13 months (90% vs 10%; χ2=42.29, p&lt;0.001). For the remaining nine species transplanted for 24 months, survivorship was significantly different among the hard corals (χ2=19.59), soft corals (χ2=41.94) and sponges (χ2=50.97) (all p&lt;0.001). Among the nine species, transplants of the soft coral Lobophytum, the sponge L. chondrodes and the hard coral P. lobata fared the best, registering high overall survivorship (87.5%, 68.1%, and 47.4%, respectively), long mean survival times (21.6 months, 17.8 months, and 12.3 months, respectively), and fast growth (50-fold, 23-fold and 10-fold increases in size, respectively) 24 months post-transplantation. In contrast, Pocillopora damicornis, H. rigida and R. globostellata were unable to establish on the seawall, with all transplants of the former two species perishing within two months, and those of the latter species succumbing 18 months after transplantation. Overall, species with massive and encrusting growth forms were most successful at establishing on the seawall, and were even observed to function as food and shelter for reef fish and gastropods. These results indicate that the transplantation of nursery-reared reef biota is a viable strategy that enhances the ecological value of seawalls.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0925-8574</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1872-6992</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoleng.2015.05.016</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Elsevier B.V</publisher><subject>Cladiella ; Coastal ; Corals ; Defence ; Diploastrea heliopora ; Ecology ; Fragments ; Gastropoda ; Goniastrea ; Heliopora ; Hydnophora rigida ; Intertidal seawalls ; Lendenfeldia ; Lobophytum ; Marine ; Nursery ; Pocillopora damicornis ; Porites lobata ; Reefs ; Rhabdastrella globostellata ; Singapore ; Sinularia ; Sponges ; Spongia ; Transplantation</subject><ispartof>Ecological engineering, 2015-09, Vol.82, p.480-486</ispartof><rights>2015 Elsevier B.V.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c412t-835cbb022a71ce6972eaaff70a833ce512413f477c8ac16737008ca193520fd43</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c412t-835cbb022a71ce6972eaaff70a833ce512413f477c8ac16737008ca193520fd43</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,27924,27925</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Ng, Chin Soon Lionel</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lim, Swee Cheng</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ong, Joo Yong</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Teo, Lay Ming Serena</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chou, Loke Ming</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chua, Kok Eng</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tan, Koh Siang</creatorcontrib><title>Enhancing the biodiversity of coastal defence structures: transplantation of nursery-reared reef biota onto intertidal seawalls</title><title>Ecological engineering</title><description>•Fragments of hard corals, soft corals and sponges were reared in a nursery.•They were transplanted at the intertidal zone of a seawall in Singapore.•Species with massive and encrusting growth forms fared the best.•The surviving transplants provided food and shelter to other marine animals.•Transplantation is a feasible way of enhancing the ecological value of seawalls. Natural coastlines around the world are increasingly being modified and replaced by breakwaters, revetments and seawalls. Although such infrastructure is primarily intended to protect existing and new shorelines from erosion, such coastal defence structures can also serve as viable habitats for biological communities. In this study, the feasibility of transplanting reef biota to the intertidal zone of seawalls was explored. Fragments of hard corals (Porites lobata, Pocillopora damicornis, Hydnophora rigida, Diploastrea heliopora, Goniastrea minuta), soft corals (Cladiella sp., Lobophytum sp., Sinularia sp.) and sponges (Rhabdastrella globostellata, Spongia ceylonensis, Lendenfeldia chondrodes) were collected and reared in an ex situ mariculture facility. They were then transferred and affixed to intertidal surfaces of a seawall located on a small island off Changi, Singapore. Survivorship was significantly different between G. minuta and D. heliopora fragments transplanted on the seawall for 13 months (90% vs 10%; χ2=42.29, p&lt;0.001). For the remaining nine species transplanted for 24 months, survivorship was significantly different among the hard corals (χ2=19.59), soft corals (χ2=41.94) and sponges (χ2=50.97) (all p&lt;0.001). Among the nine species, transplants of the soft coral Lobophytum, the sponge L. chondrodes and the hard coral P. lobata fared the best, registering high overall survivorship (87.5%, 68.1%, and 47.4%, respectively), long mean survival times (21.6 months, 17.8 months, and 12.3 months, respectively), and fast growth (50-fold, 23-fold and 10-fold increases in size, respectively) 24 months post-transplantation. In contrast, Pocillopora damicornis, H. rigida and R. globostellata were unable to establish on the seawall, with all transplants of the former two species perishing within two months, and those of the latter species succumbing 18 months after transplantation. Overall, species with massive and encrusting growth forms were most successful at establishing on the seawall, and were even observed to function as food and shelter for reef fish and gastropods. 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Natural coastlines around the world are increasingly being modified and replaced by breakwaters, revetments and seawalls. Although such infrastructure is primarily intended to protect existing and new shorelines from erosion, such coastal defence structures can also serve as viable habitats for biological communities. In this study, the feasibility of transplanting reef biota to the intertidal zone of seawalls was explored. Fragments of hard corals (Porites lobata, Pocillopora damicornis, Hydnophora rigida, Diploastrea heliopora, Goniastrea minuta), soft corals (Cladiella sp., Lobophytum sp., Sinularia sp.) and sponges (Rhabdastrella globostellata, Spongia ceylonensis, Lendenfeldia chondrodes) were collected and reared in an ex situ mariculture facility. They were then transferred and affixed to intertidal surfaces of a seawall located on a small island off Changi, Singapore. Survivorship was significantly different between G. minuta and D. heliopora fragments transplanted on the seawall for 13 months (90% vs 10%; χ2=42.29, p&lt;0.001). For the remaining nine species transplanted for 24 months, survivorship was significantly different among the hard corals (χ2=19.59), soft corals (χ2=41.94) and sponges (χ2=50.97) (all p&lt;0.001). Among the nine species, transplants of the soft coral Lobophytum, the sponge L. chondrodes and the hard coral P. lobata fared the best, registering high overall survivorship (87.5%, 68.1%, and 47.4%, respectively), long mean survival times (21.6 months, 17.8 months, and 12.3 months, respectively), and fast growth (50-fold, 23-fold and 10-fold increases in size, respectively) 24 months post-transplantation. In contrast, Pocillopora damicornis, H. rigida and R. globostellata were unable to establish on the seawall, with all transplants of the former two species perishing within two months, and those of the latter species succumbing 18 months after transplantation. Overall, species with massive and encrusting growth forms were most successful at establishing on the seawall, and were even observed to function as food and shelter for reef fish and gastropods. These results indicate that the transplantation of nursery-reared reef biota is a viable strategy that enhances the ecological value of seawalls.</abstract><pub>Elsevier B.V</pub><doi>10.1016/j.ecoleng.2015.05.016</doi><tpages>7</tpages></addata></record>
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ispartof Ecological engineering, 2015-09, Vol.82, p.480-486
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source ScienceDirect Freedom Collection 2022-2024
subjects Cladiella
Coastal
Corals
Defence
Diploastrea heliopora
Ecology
Fragments
Gastropoda
Goniastrea
Heliopora
Hydnophora rigida
Intertidal seawalls
Lendenfeldia
Lobophytum
Marine
Nursery
Pocillopora damicornis
Porites lobata
Reefs
Rhabdastrella globostellata
Singapore
Sinularia
Sponges
Spongia
Transplantation
title Enhancing the biodiversity of coastal defence structures: transplantation of nursery-reared reef biota onto intertidal seawalls
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