Mercury in the eggs of aquatic birds from the Gulf of Gdansk and Wloclawek Dam (Poland)

• Published in: Environmental science and pollution research international 2015-07, Vol.22 (13), p.9889-9898
• Main Authors: Grajewska, Agnieszka, Falkowska, Lucyna, Szumiło-Pilarska, Emilia, Hajdrych, Julia, Szubska, Marta, Frączek, Tomasz, Meissner, Włodzimierz, Bzoma, Szymon, Bełdowska, Magdalena, Przystalski, Andrzej, Brauze, Tomasz
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Animals; Aquatic birds; Aquatic life; Aquatic Pollution; Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution; Bioaccumulation; Bird migration; Birds; Charadriiformes - metabolism; Chemistry; Diet; Diets; Earth and Environmental Science; Ecotoxicology; Eggs; Embryos; Environment; Environmental Chemistry; Environmental Health; Environmental science; Foraging behavior; Gulfs; Herrings; Influence; Isotopes; Larus argentatus; Mercury; Mercury (metal); Mercury - analysis; Mercury - metabolism; Nesting; Outlets; Ovum - chemistry; Poland; Research Article; Rivers; Seafood; Stable isotopes; Studies; Taxonomy; Trophic levels; Waste Water Technology; Water Management; Water Pollutants, Chemical - analysis; Water Pollutants, Chemical - metabolism; Water Pollution Control; Zoology
• ISSN: 0944-1344; 1614-7499
• DOI: 10.1007/s11356-015-4154-y

The aim of this paper was to assess the influence of diet on the concentrations of total mercury (Hg TOT ) in the eggs of aquatic birds. Trophic level was determined using stable isotopes (δ 15 N, δ 13 C). Analysis was carried out on eggs (laid in 2010–2012) belonging to two species of terns nesting at the River Vistula outlet on the Gulf of Gdansk and on herring gulls nesting both in Gdynia harbour and on the Vistula dam in Wloclawek. The results show that seafood diet causes the highest load of mercury, that which is transferred into terns eggs. The amounts of accumulated mercury obtained were found to be different in the particular egg components with Hg albumen  > Hg yolk  > Hg membrane  > Hg shell . In the herring gull eggs, three stages of embryo development with varying levels of mercury were determined. It was observed that mercury received from the albumen and yolk was most effectively removed when developing embryo into down.