Insights into metals in individual fine particles from municipal solid waste using synchrotron radiation-based micro-analytical techniques

• Published in: Journal of environmental sciences (China) 2015-01, Vol.27 (1), p.298-308
• Main Authors: Zhu, Yumin, Zhang, Hua, Shao, Liming, He, Pinjing
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: China; Cities; Environmental Monitoring - methods; Fine particle; Garbage collection; Heavy metals; Metal; Metal scrap; Metals, Heavy - analysis; Micro-analytical technique; Municipal solid waste; Municipal waste management; Pollution sources; Solid Waste - analysis; Solid waste management; Spectrometry, X-Ray Emission - instrumentation; Synchrotron radiation; Synchrotrons; Synchrotrons - instrumentation; Wastes; X-Ray Diffraction - instrumentation; 同步辐射; 城市固体废弃物; 基础; 微分析技术; 空间关联; 细颗粒; 重金属含量; 重金属污染物
• ISSN: 1001-0742; 1878-7320
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2014.05.037

Excessive inter-contamination with heavy metals hampers the application of biological treatment products derived from mixed or mechanically-sorted municipal solid waste（MSW）. In this study, we investigated fine particles of 〈 2 mm, which are small fractions in MSW but constitute a significant component of the total heavy metal content, using bulk detection techniques. A total of 17 individual fine particles were evaluated using synchrotron radiation-based micro-X-ray fluorescence and micro-X-ray diffraction. We also discussed the association, speciation and source apportionment of heavy metals. Metals were found to exist in a diffuse distribution with heterogeneous intensities and intense hot-spots of 〈 10 μm within the fine particles. Zn–Cu, Pb–Fe and Fe–Mn–Cr had significant correlations in terms of spatial distribution. The overlapped enrichment, spatial association, and the mineral phases of metals revealed the potential sources of fine particles from size-reduced waste fractions（such as scraps of organic wastes or ceramics） or from the importation of other particles. The diverse sources of heavy metal pollutants within the fine particles suggested that separate collection and treatment of the biodegradable waste fraction（such as food waste） is a preferable means of facilitating the beneficial utilization of the stabilized products.