Volcanic and Solar Forcing of the Tropical Pacific over the Past 1000 Years

The response of El Niño to natural radiative forcing changes over the past 1000 yr is investigated based on numerical experiments employing the Zebiak–Cane model of the tropical Pacific coupled ocean–atmosphere system. Previously published empirical results demonstrating a statistically significant...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of climate 2005-02, Vol.18 (3), p.447-456
Main Authors: Mann, Michael E., Cane, Mark A., Zebiak, Stephen E., Clement, Amy
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Climate change
Climate models
Climatology. Bioclimatology. Climate change
Cooling
Earth, ocean, space
El Nino
Exact sciences and technology
Experiments
External geophysics
Global climate
Global climate models
Meteorology
Modeling
Ocean currents
Ocean-atmosphere interaction
Paleoclimatology
Radiative forcing
Tropical regions
Volcanic eruptions
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Summary:The response of El Niño to natural radiative forcing changes over the past 1000 yr is investigated based on numerical experiments employing the Zebiak–Cane model of the tropical Pacific coupled ocean–atmosphere system. Previously published empirical results demonstrating a statistically significant tendency toward El Niño conditions in response to past volcanic radiative forcing are reproduced in the model experiments. A combination of responses to past changes in volcanic and solar radiative forcing closely reproduces changes in the mean state and interannual variability in El Niño in past centuries recorded from fossil corals. The dynamics of El Niño thus appear to have played an important role in the response of the global climate to past changes in radiative forcing.
ISSN:0894-8755
1520-0442
DOI:10.1175/jcli-3276.1