Chemical exposure early in life and the neurodevelopment of children--an overview of current epidemiological evidence

A number of chemicals have been shown to demonstrate neurotoxic effects either in human or laboratory animal studies. This article aims at evaluating the impact of exposure to several chemicals including: organophosphate, organochlorine pesticides, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), mercury and lead...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine 2013, Vol.20 (3), p.465-486
Main Authors: Jurewicz, Joanna, Polańska, Kinga, Hanke, Wojciech
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Chemicals
Child
Child Development - drug effects
Children
Cognitive ability
Environmental Exposure
Epidemiology
Exposure
Female
Fetuses
Humans
Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated - toxicity
Infant
Laboratory animals
Lead
Lead - toxicity
Male
Mercury
Mercury - toxicity
Metals, Heavy - toxicity
Neonates
Neurodevelopment
Neurotoxicity
Organic compounds
Organochlorine pesticides
Organophosphates
Organophosphorus Compounds - toxicity
Organophosphorus pesticides
PCB
Pesticides
Pesticides - toxicity
Polychlorinated biphenyls
Polychlorinated Biphenyls - toxicity
Pregnancy
Prenatal experience
Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects - chemically induced
Reflexes
Statistical analysis
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Summary:A number of chemicals have been shown to demonstrate neurotoxic effects either in human or laboratory animal studies. This article aims at evaluating the impact of exposure to several chemicals including: organophosphate, organochlorine pesticides, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), mercury and lead on the neurodevelopment of children by reviewing the most recent published literature, and answer the question whether any progress has been made in the epidemiology of the neurodevelopment of children induced by exposure to those chemicals. The result of the presented studies show that exposure to the above-mentioned chemicals may impair the neurodevelopment of children. Neonates exposed to organophosphate pesticides demonstrated a higher proportion of abnormal reflexes, and young children had more attention problems. Exposure to organochlorine pesticides in children was associated with alertness, quality of alert responsiveness, cost of attention and other potential attention associated measures. The majority of studies indicate the negative impact of lead exposure at the level
ISSN:1232-1966
1898-2263