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Fatty acid evidence for the importance of myctophid fishes in the diet of king penguins, Aptenodytes patagonicus
We tested the usefulness of the fatty acid signature-method in investigating the diet of seabirds in conjunction with the conventional technique of stomach-content analysis. We compared the fatty acid composition of subcutaneous white adipose tissue (SWAT) of king penguin chicks (Aptenodytes patagon...
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Published in: | Marine biology 1998-10, Vol.132 (3), p.523-533 |
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description | We tested the usefulness of the fatty acid signature-method in investigating the diet of seabirds in conjunction with the conventional technique of stomach-content analysis. We compared the fatty acid composition of subcutaneous white adipose tissue (SWAT) of king penguin chicks (Aptenodytes patagonicus) during fattening periods to that of total lipids from their food. In both spring and autumn, the fatty acid composition of chick SWAT was identical to that of the dietary lipids. Because the diet of adult king penguins feeding for self-maintenance (i.e. not for their chicks) was essentially unknown, we subsequently analysed their SWAT fatty acid patterns after premolting and prebreeding foraging trips (during which they build up large energy reserves). The fatty acid composition of SWAT from adults was identical to that of chick adipose tissue and food. King penguin diet and SWAT were characterized by high levels of very long-chain mono-unsaturated fatty acids (20 to 24 carbon atoms, 16 to 23% by mass) and (n-3) poly-unsaturated fatty acids (19 to 27%); these consisted mainly of 20:1n-9 (5 to 8%) and 22:1n-11 (5 to 8%), and 22:6n-3 (10 to 13%) and 20:5n-3 (3 to 9%), respectively. Prey items identified from chick stomach contents indicated that the bulk of the food was oceanic myctophid fishes, mainly Electrona carlbergi, Krefftichthys anderssoni and Protomyctophum tenisoni. The fatty acid composition of four other species of myctophid fishes was similar to that of penguin diet and SWAT, but markedly different from that measured for a squid species and that reported for crustaceans. These findings indicate that adult king penguins prey on myctophid fish not only to feed their chicks but also for their own nutrition. The fatty acid signature-technique is therefore a reliable method to gain information on the food and feeding ecology of seabirds when more conventional techniques are of limited value. Such information is important to the understanding of trophic relationships between key species of the ecosystems, and also to provide insight into the nature of avian adaptations to the marine environment. |
doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s002270050418 |
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We compared the fatty acid composition of subcutaneous white adipose tissue (SWAT) of king penguin chicks (Aptenodytes patagonicus) during fattening periods to that of total lipids from their food. In both spring and autumn, the fatty acid composition of chick SWAT was identical to that of the dietary lipids. Because the diet of adult king penguins feeding for self-maintenance (i.e. not for their chicks) was essentially unknown, we subsequently analysed their SWAT fatty acid patterns after premolting and prebreeding foraging trips (during which they build up large energy reserves). The fatty acid composition of SWAT from adults was identical to that of chick adipose tissue and food. King penguin diet and SWAT were characterized by high levels of very long-chain mono-unsaturated fatty acids (20 to 24 carbon atoms, 16 to 23% by mass) and (n-3) poly-unsaturated fatty acids (19 to 27%); these consisted mainly of 20:1n-9 (5 to 8%) and 22:1n-11 (5 to 8%), and 22:6n-3 (10 to 13%) and 20:5n-3 (3 to 9%), respectively. Prey items identified from chick stomach contents indicated that the bulk of the food was oceanic myctophid fishes, mainly Electrona carlbergi, Krefftichthys anderssoni and Protomyctophum tenisoni. The fatty acid composition of four other species of myctophid fishes was similar to that of penguin diet and SWAT, but markedly different from that measured for a squid species and that reported for crustaceans. These findings indicate that adult king penguins prey on myctophid fish not only to feed their chicks but also for their own nutrition. The fatty acid signature-technique is therefore a reliable method to gain information on the food and feeding ecology of seabirds when more conventional techniques are of limited value. Such information is important to the understanding of trophic relationships between key species of the ecosystems, and also to provide insight into the nature of avian adaptations to the marine environment.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0025-3162</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1432-1793</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s002270050418</identifier><identifier>CODEN: MBIOAJ</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Heidelberg: Springer</publisher><subject>Adipose tissue ; Animal and plant ecology ; Animal, plant and microbial ecology ; Animals ; Aptenodytes patagonicus ; Aquatic birds ; Autoecology ; Aves ; Biological and medical sciences ; Birds ; Chickens ; Content analysis ; Crustaceans ; Diet ; Ecology ; Electrona carlsbergi ; Energy reserves ; Fish ; Food ; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology ; Krefftichthys anderssoni ; Lipids ; Marine ; Marine biology ; Marine environment ; Oils & fats ; Polyunsaturated fatty acids ; Prey ; Protomyctophum tenisoni ; Shellfish ; Trophic relationships ; Vertebrata</subject><ispartof>Marine biology, 1998-10, Vol.132 (3), p.523-533</ispartof><rights>1999 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 1998</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c388t-cdb6204da72dcb134212d1bb19c837ec2c8518f00ca9f5237eb222123ee770003</citedby></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,27924,27925</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=1660289$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>RACLOT, T</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>GROSCOLAS, R</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>CHEREL, Y</creatorcontrib><title>Fatty acid evidence for the importance of myctophid fishes in the diet of king penguins, Aptenodytes patagonicus</title><title>Marine biology</title><description>We tested the usefulness of the fatty acid signature-method in investigating the diet of seabirds in conjunction with the conventional technique of stomach-content analysis. We compared the fatty acid composition of subcutaneous white adipose tissue (SWAT) of king penguin chicks (Aptenodytes patagonicus) during fattening periods to that of total lipids from their food. In both spring and autumn, the fatty acid composition of chick SWAT was identical to that of the dietary lipids. Because the diet of adult king penguins feeding for self-maintenance (i.e. not for their chicks) was essentially unknown, we subsequently analysed their SWAT fatty acid patterns after premolting and prebreeding foraging trips (during which they build up large energy reserves). The fatty acid composition of SWAT from adults was identical to that of chick adipose tissue and food. King penguin diet and SWAT were characterized by high levels of very long-chain mono-unsaturated fatty acids (20 to 24 carbon atoms, 16 to 23% by mass) and (n-3) poly-unsaturated fatty acids (19 to 27%); these consisted mainly of 20:1n-9 (5 to 8%) and 22:1n-11 (5 to 8%), and 22:6n-3 (10 to 13%) and 20:5n-3 (3 to 9%), respectively. Prey items identified from chick stomach contents indicated that the bulk of the food was oceanic myctophid fishes, mainly Electrona carlbergi, Krefftichthys anderssoni and Protomyctophum tenisoni. The fatty acid composition of four other species of myctophid fishes was similar to that of penguin diet and SWAT, but markedly different from that measured for a squid species and that reported for crustaceans. These findings indicate that adult king penguins prey on myctophid fish not only to feed their chicks but also for their own nutrition. The fatty acid signature-technique is therefore a reliable method to gain information on the food and feeding ecology of seabirds when more conventional techniques are of limited value. Such information is important to the understanding of trophic relationships between key species of the ecosystems, and also to provide insight into the nature of avian adaptations to the marine environment.</description><subject>Adipose tissue</subject><subject>Animal and plant ecology</subject><subject>Animal, plant and microbial ecology</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Aptenodytes patagonicus</subject><subject>Aquatic birds</subject><subject>Autoecology</subject><subject>Aves</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Birds</subject><subject>Chickens</subject><subject>Content analysis</subject><subject>Crustaceans</subject><subject>Diet</subject><subject>Ecology</subject><subject>Electrona carlsbergi</subject><subject>Energy reserves</subject><subject>Fish</subject><subject>Food</subject><subject>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</subject><subject>Krefftichthys anderssoni</subject><subject>Lipids</subject><subject>Marine</subject><subject>Marine biology</subject><subject>Marine environment</subject><subject>Oils & fats</subject><subject>Polyunsaturated fatty acids</subject><subject>Prey</subject><subject>Protomyctophum tenisoni</subject><subject>Shellfish</subject><subject>Trophic relationships</subject><subject>Vertebrata</subject><issn>0025-3162</issn><issn>1432-1793</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>1998</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNpd0M9LwzAUB_AgCs7p0XsQ8WT1JemP9DiGU2HgRc8lTdMts01qkgr97810IHp65L3Pe4QvQpcE7ghAce8BKC0AMkgJP0IzkjKakKJkx2gWR1nCSE5P0Zn3O4jvgrIZGlYihAkLqRusPnWjjFS4tQ6HrcK6H6wLYt-yLe4nGeywjbDVfqs81uZbNVqF_fxdmw0elNmM2vhbvBiCMraZQpSDCGJjjZajP0cnrei8ujjUOXpbPbwun5L1y-PzcrFOJOM8JLKpcwppIwrayJqwlBLakLompeSsUJJKnhHeAkhRthmNrZrSaJhSRYwA2Bzd_NwdnP0YlQ9Vr71UXSeMsqOvSMEYzVIe4dU_uLOjM_FvFQUOeZlleUTJD5LOeu9UWw1O98JNFYFqH371J_zorw9HhZeia10MUfvfpTwHykv2BSpJg5c</recordid><startdate>19981001</startdate><enddate>19981001</enddate><creator>RACLOT, T</creator><creator>GROSCOLAS, R</creator><creator>CHEREL, Y</creator><general>Springer</general><general>Springer Nature B.V</general><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7QG</scope><scope>7SN</scope><scope>7ST</scope><scope>7TN</scope><scope>7U7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88A</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>8G5</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BBNVY</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>BKSAR</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>F1W</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>GUQSH</scope><scope>H95</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>L.G</scope><scope>LK8</scope><scope>M2O</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>M7P</scope><scope>MBDVC</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>PCBAR</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>Q9U</scope><scope>R05</scope><scope>RC3</scope><scope>SOI</scope></search><sort><creationdate>19981001</creationdate><title>Fatty acid evidence for the importance of myctophid fishes in the diet of king penguins, Aptenodytes patagonicus</title><author>RACLOT, T ; GROSCOLAS, R ; CHEREL, Y</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c388t-cdb6204da72dcb134212d1bb19c837ec2c8518f00ca9f5237eb222123ee770003</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>1998</creationdate><topic>Adipose tissue</topic><topic>Animal and plant ecology</topic><topic>Animal, plant and microbial ecology</topic><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Aptenodytes patagonicus</topic><topic>Aquatic birds</topic><topic>Autoecology</topic><topic>Aves</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Birds</topic><topic>Chickens</topic><topic>Content analysis</topic><topic>Crustaceans</topic><topic>Diet</topic><topic>Ecology</topic><topic>Electrona carlsbergi</topic><topic>Energy reserves</topic><topic>Fish</topic><topic>Food</topic><topic>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</topic><topic>Krefftichthys anderssoni</topic><topic>Lipids</topic><topic>Marine</topic><topic>Marine biology</topic><topic>Marine environment</topic><topic>Oils & fats</topic><topic>Polyunsaturated fatty acids</topic><topic>Prey</topic><topic>Protomyctophum tenisoni</topic><topic>Shellfish</topic><topic>Trophic relationships</topic><topic>Vertebrata</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>RACLOT, T</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>GROSCOLAS, R</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>CHEREL, Y</creatorcontrib><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Animal Behavior Abstracts</collection><collection>Ecology Abstracts</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><collection>Oceanic Abstracts</collection><collection>Toxicology Abstracts</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Biology Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Pharma Collection</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>ProQuest SciTech Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Research Library (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Earth, Atmospheric & Aquatic Science Collection</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>ASFA: Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Abstracts</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>Research Library Prep</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection (Proquest) (PQ_SDU_P3)</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) Professional</collection><collection>Biological Sciences</collection><collection>ProQuest research library</collection><collection>Algology Mycology and Protozoology Abstracts (Microbiology C)</collection><collection>ProQuest Biological Science Journals</collection><collection>Research Library (Corporate)</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Earth, Atmospheric & Aquatic Science Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Basic</collection><collection>University of Michigan</collection><collection>Genetics Abstracts</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><jtitle>Marine biology</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>RACLOT, T</au><au>GROSCOLAS, R</au><au>CHEREL, Y</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Fatty acid evidence for the importance of myctophid fishes in the diet of king penguins, Aptenodytes patagonicus</atitle><jtitle>Marine biology</jtitle><date>1998-10-01</date><risdate>1998</risdate><volume>132</volume><issue>3</issue><spage>523</spage><epage>533</epage><pages>523-533</pages><issn>0025-3162</issn><eissn>1432-1793</eissn><coden>MBIOAJ</coden><abstract>We tested the usefulness of the fatty acid signature-method in investigating the diet of seabirds in conjunction with the conventional technique of stomach-content analysis. We compared the fatty acid composition of subcutaneous white adipose tissue (SWAT) of king penguin chicks (Aptenodytes patagonicus) during fattening periods to that of total lipids from their food. In both spring and autumn, the fatty acid composition of chick SWAT was identical to that of the dietary lipids. Because the diet of adult king penguins feeding for self-maintenance (i.e. not for their chicks) was essentially unknown, we subsequently analysed their SWAT fatty acid patterns after premolting and prebreeding foraging trips (during which they build up large energy reserves). The fatty acid composition of SWAT from adults was identical to that of chick adipose tissue and food. King penguin diet and SWAT were characterized by high levels of very long-chain mono-unsaturated fatty acids (20 to 24 carbon atoms, 16 to 23% by mass) and (n-3) poly-unsaturated fatty acids (19 to 27%); these consisted mainly of 20:1n-9 (5 to 8%) and 22:1n-11 (5 to 8%), and 22:6n-3 (10 to 13%) and 20:5n-3 (3 to 9%), respectively. Prey items identified from chick stomach contents indicated that the bulk of the food was oceanic myctophid fishes, mainly Electrona carlbergi, Krefftichthys anderssoni and Protomyctophum tenisoni. The fatty acid composition of four other species of myctophid fishes was similar to that of penguin diet and SWAT, but markedly different from that measured for a squid species and that reported for crustaceans. These findings indicate that adult king penguins prey on myctophid fish not only to feed their chicks but also for their own nutrition. The fatty acid signature-technique is therefore a reliable method to gain information on the food and feeding ecology of seabirds when more conventional techniques are of limited value. Such information is important to the understanding of trophic relationships between key species of the ecosystems, and also to provide insight into the nature of avian adaptations to the marine environment.</abstract><cop>Heidelberg</cop><cop>Berlin</cop><pub>Springer</pub><doi>10.1007/s002270050418</doi><tpages>11</tpages></addata></record> |
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subjects | Adipose tissue Animal and plant ecology Animal, plant and microbial ecology Animals Aptenodytes patagonicus Aquatic birds Autoecology Aves Biological and medical sciences Birds Chickens Content analysis Crustaceans Diet Ecology Electrona carlsbergi Energy reserves Fish Food Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Krefftichthys anderssoni Lipids Marine Marine biology Marine environment Oils & fats Polyunsaturated fatty acids Prey Protomyctophum tenisoni Shellfish Trophic relationships Vertebrata |
title | Fatty acid evidence for the importance of myctophid fishes in the diet of king penguins, Aptenodytes patagonicus |
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