Disperse Red 1 (textile dye) induces cytotoxic and genotoxic effects in mouse germ cells

•Disperse Red 1 (DR1) induces a testicular toxicity.•DR1 induces DNA damage in spermatogonia A that can persist until 24.9 days.•Sperm with abnormal morphology and decreased DNA integrity were observed. Disperse Red 1 (DR1), which is widely used in the textile industry, is an azo dye that contribute...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Reproductive toxicology (Elmsford, N.Y.) N.Y.), 2015-06, Vol.53, p.75-81
Main Authors: Fernandes, Fábio Henrique, Bustos-Obregon, Eduardo, Salvadori, Daisy Maria Fávero
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Azo Compounds - toxicity
Azo dye
Cell Survival - drug effects
Coloring Agents - toxicity
Comet Assay
DNA Damage
Environmental exposure
Fertility
Male
Mice
Mus musculus
Reproductive tract male
Spermatozoa - abnormalities
Spermatozoa - drug effects
Spermatozoa - metabolism
Testis - drug effects
Testis - pathology
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Summary:•Disperse Red 1 (DR1) induces a testicular toxicity.•DR1 induces DNA damage in spermatogonia A that can persist until 24.9 days.•Sperm with abnormal morphology and decreased DNA integrity were observed. Disperse Red 1 (DR1), which is widely used in the textile industry, is an azo dye that contributes to the toxicity and pollution of wastewater. To assess the toxic effects of DR1 on reproduction, sexually mature male mice (Mus musculus, strain CF-1) were orally (gavage) treated with single doses of the compound at 20, 100 and 500mg/kg body weight. Testicular features and sperm parameters were evaluated 8.3, 16.6 and 24.9 days after treatments. In addition to testicular toxicity caused by the dye, the data clearly showed an increased frequency of sperm with abnormal morphology and decreased fertility. An increased amount of DNA damage was also detected in testis cells 16.6 and 24.9 days after treatments with 100 and 500mg/kg. This study demonstrated the toxic and genotoxic effects of DR1, indicating the harmful activity of this dye on reproductive health.
ISSN:0890-6238
1873-1708
DOI:10.1016/j.reprotox.2015.04.002